[Advance of studies on role of miRNA in hematopoietic regulation and myeloproliferative neoplasms].

microRNA (miRNA) are small non-coding RNA molecules of 19 - 25 nucleotides in a variety of eukaryotic systems, that control gene expression at the post-transcriptional level by degrading or translational repressing target messenger RNA (mRNA). Many studies have addressed the role of miRNA in normal hematopoiesis, giving an interpretative key to the aberrant expression observed in human hematological diseases. Here, the advances of main studies on the role of miRNA in normal hematopoiesis, and identify the association of miRNA with the development, progression of myeloproliferative diseases, including miRNA and lymphopoiesis, miRNA and erythropoiesis, miRNA and megakaryopoiesis, miRNA and myelopoiesis, miRNA and myeloproliferative neoplasm with positive BCR-ABL-chronic myeloid leukemia, miRNA and myeloproliferative neoplasm with negative PCR-ABL (PV.IME, ET), and so on are reviewed.