Winger James, Michelfelder Aaron
Department of Family Medicine, Loyola Stritch School of Medicine, 2160 South First Avenue, Building 54, Room 260, Maywood, IL 60153, USA.
Prim Care. 2011 Sep;38(3):469-82; viii. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2011.05.004.
Jaundice is caused by many disease processes ranging from benign to life threatening. History and physical examination remain important tools in evaluating the etiology of jaundice. The conjugation state of bilirubin, along with other laboratory tests judiciously ordered, can guide the provider toward category of illness. Hyperbilirubinemia may be categorized as to its etiology: unconjugated/prehepatic, intrahepatic, or extrahepatic/obstructive. Referral should be considered when likelihood of malignancy, chronic autoimmune condition, or need for intervention exists.
黄疸由许多疾病过程引起，范围从良性到危及生命。病史和体格检查仍然是评估黄疸病因的重要手段。胆红素的结合状态，以及其他合理安排的实验室检查，可以引导医生确定疾病类别。高胆红素血症可根据其病因分类为：非结合性/肝前性、肝内性或肝外性/阻塞性。当存在恶性肿瘤、慢性自身免疫性疾病的可能性或需要干预时，应考虑转诊。
