David H. Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
Trends Genet. 2011 Nov;27(11):446-53. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2011.07.003. Epub 2011 Aug 26.
Aneuploidy has a paradoxical effect on cell proliferation. In all normal cells analyzed to date, aneuploidy has been found to decrease the rate of cell proliferation. Yet, aneuploidy is also a hallmark of cancer, a disease of enhanced proliferative capacity, and aneuploid cells are frequently recovered following the experimental evolution of microorganisms. Thus, in certain contexts, aneuploidy might also have growth-advantageous properties. New models of aneuploidy and chromosomal instability have shed light on the diverse effects that karyotypic imbalances have on cellular phenotypes, and suggest novel ways of understanding the role of aneuploidy in development and disease.
非整倍体对细胞增殖有矛盾的影响。在迄今为止分析的所有正常细胞中，发现非整倍体降低了细胞增殖的速度。然而，非整倍体也是癌症的一个标志，癌症是一种增殖能力增强的疾病，在微生物的实验进化后经常会恢复非整倍体细胞。因此，在某些情况下，非整倍体也可能具有生长优势。非整倍体和染色体不稳定性的新模型揭示了核型失衡对细胞表型的多种影响，并提出了理解非整倍体在发育和疾病中的作用的新方法。
