Pediatrics. 2011 Sep;128(3):617-23. doi: 10.1542/peds.2011-1165. Epub 2011 Aug 28.
Thousands of boys and girls younger than 19 years participate in boxing in North America. Although boxing provides benefits for participants, including exercise, self-discipline, and self-confidence, the sport of boxing encourages and rewards deliberate blows to the head and face. Participants in boxing are at risk of head, face, and neck injuries, including chronic and even fatal neurologic injuries. Concussions are one of the most common injuries that occur with boxing. Because of the risk of head and facial injuries, the American Academy of Pediatrics and the Canadian Paediatric Society oppose boxing as a sport for children and adolescents. These organizations recommend that physicians vigorously oppose boxing in youth and encourage patients to participate in alternative sports in which intentional head blows are not central to the sport.
在北美，成千上万的 19 岁以下男孩和女孩参与拳击运动。虽然拳击为参与者提供了益处，包括锻炼、自律和自信，但拳击运动鼓励并奖励对头部和脸部的蓄意打击。拳击参与者面临头部、面部和颈部受伤的风险，包括慢性甚至致命的神经损伤。脑震荡是拳击运动中最常见的伤害之一。由于头部和面部受伤的风险，美国儿科学会和加拿大儿科学会反对拳击成为儿童和青少年的运动。这些组织建议医生积极反对青少年拳击，并鼓励患者参加其他不以头部撞击为运动核心的替代运动。
