Long Island Brain Tumor Center, NSPC, 600 Northern Blvd, Suite 113, Great Neck, NY 11577, USA.
J Neurooncol. 2012 Jan;106(2):225-34. doi: 10.1007/s11060-011-0686-2. Epub 2011 Aug 28.
Leptomeningeal metastasis is a devastating complication of the central nervous system in patients with late-stage solid or hematological cancers. Leptomeningeal metastasis results from the multifocal seeding of the leptomeninges by malignant cancer cells. Although central nervous system metastasis usually presents in patients with widely disseminated and progressive late-stage cancer, malignant cells may spread to the cerebrospinal fluid during earlier disease stages in particularly aggressive cancers. Treatment of leptomeningeal metastasis is largely palliative but will often provide stabilization and protection from further neurological deterioration and improve quality of life. There is a need to raise awareness of the impact of leptomeningeal metastases on cancer patients and its known and putative biological basis. Novel diagnostic approaches include identification of biomarkers that may stratify the risk for developing leptomeningeal metastasis. Current therapies can be used more effectively while waiting for advanced treatments to be developed.
脑膜转移是晚期实体瘤或血液系统恶性肿瘤患者中枢神经系统的一种严重并发症。脑膜转移是恶性肿瘤细胞在脑膜的多灶性种植导致的。尽管中枢神经系统转移通常发生在广泛播散和进展期晚期癌症患者中，但在某些侵袭性较强的癌症中，恶性细胞可能在疾病早期就已扩散到脑脊液中。脑膜转移的治疗主要是姑息性的，但通常可以稳定病情，防止进一步的神经恶化，提高生活质量。需要提高对脑膜转移对癌症患者的影响及其已知和推测的生物学基础的认识。新的诊断方法包括鉴定可能分层脑膜转移风险的生物标志物。在等待更先进的治疗方法开发的同时，可以更有效地使用现有的治疗方法。
