Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, UK.
Exp Parasitol. 2012 Sep;132(1):76-89. doi: 10.1016/j.exppara.2011.08.011. Epub 2011 Aug 22.
The intestinal nematode parasite Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri exerts widespread immunomodulatory effects on both the innate and adaptive immune system of the host. Infected mice adopt an immunoregulated phenotype, with abated allergic and autoimmune reactions. At the cellular level, infection is accompanied by expanded regulatory T cell populations, skewed dendritic cell and macrophage phenotypes, B cell hyperstimulation and multiple localised changes within the intestinal environment. In most mouse strains, these act to block protective Th2 immunity. The molecular basis of parasite interactions with the host immune system centres upon secreted products termed HES (H. polygyrus excretory-secretory antigen), which include a TGF-β-like ligand that induces de novo regulatory T cells, factors that modify innate inflammatory responses, and molecules that block allergy in vivo. Proteomic and transcriptomic definition of parasite proteins, combined with biochemical identification of immunogenic molecules in resistant mice, will provide new candidate immunomodulators and vaccine antigens for future research.
肠道寄生线虫 Heligmosomoides polygyrus bakeri 对宿主的固有免疫和适应性免疫系统产生广泛的免疫调节作用。感染该寄生虫的小鼠表现出免疫调节表型，过敏和自身免疫反应减弱。在细胞水平上，感染伴随着调节性 T 细胞群体的扩张、树突状细胞和巨噬细胞表型的倾斜、B 细胞的过度刺激以及肠道环境中的多个局部变化。在大多数小鼠品系中，这些变化阻止了保护性 Th2 免疫。寄生虫与宿主免疫系统相互作用的分子基础集中在分泌产物 HES（Heligmosomoides polygyrus 分泌性抗原）上，其包括诱导新的调节性 T 细胞的 TGF-β样配体、改变固有炎症反应的因子以及在体内阻断过敏的分子。寄生虫蛋白的蛋白质组学和转录组学定义，结合对抗性小鼠中免疫原性分子的生化鉴定，将为未来的研究提供新的候选免疫调节剂和疫苗抗原。
