Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, 550 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2A2, Canada.
Appl Ergon. 2012 May;43(3):521-31. doi: 10.1016/j.apergo.2011.08.006. Epub 2011 Aug 27.
This study investigated the differences in peak external hand forces and external moments generated at the L5/S1 joint of the low back due to maneuvering loaded floor-based and overhead-mounted patient lifting devices using one and two caregivers. Hand forces and external moments at the L5/S1 joint were estimated from ground reaction forces and motion capture data. Caregivers gave ratings of perceived exertion as well as their opinions regarding overhead vs. floor lifts. Use of overhead lifts resulted in significantly lower back loads than floor lifts. Two caregivers working together with a floor lift did not reduce loads on the primary caregiver compared to the single-caregiver case. In contrast, two-caregiver operation of an overhead lift did result in reduced loads compared to the single-caregiver case. Therefore, overhead lifts should be used whenever possible to reduce the risk of back injury to caregivers. The use of two caregivers does not compensate for the poorer performance of floor lifts.
本研究旨在调查使用一名和两名护理人员操作负载地板式和头顶式患者提升设备时，对 L5/S1 关节产生的外部手部峰值力和外部力矩的差异。通过地面反作用力和运动捕捉数据估计 L5/S1 关节的手部力和外部力矩。护理人员对感知用力程度进行了评分，并对头顶式提升器与地板式提升器发表了意见。使用头顶式提升器比地板式提升器产生的背部负荷显著降低。使用地板式提升器时，两名护理人员一起工作并不会减轻主护理人员的负荷，与单人护理人员的情况相比。相比之下，头顶式提升器的两名护理人员操作确实减轻了单人护理人员的负荷。因此，应尽可能使用头顶式提升器以降低护理人员背部受伤的风险。使用两名护理人员并不能弥补地板式提升器较差的性能。
