Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
J Cell Biol. 2011 Sep 5;194(5):679-87. doi: 10.1083/jcb.201103129. Epub 2011 Aug 29.
Much like other microorganisms, wild yeasts preferentially form surface-associated communities, such as biofilms and colonies, that are well protected against hostile environments and, when growing as pathogens, against the host immune system. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the spatiotemporal development and environmental resistance of biofilms and colonies remain largely unknown. In this paper, we show that a biofilm yeast colony is a finely tuned, complex multicellular organism in which specialized cells jointly execute multiple protection strategies. These include a Pdr1p-regulated mechanism whereby multidrug resistance transporters Pdr5p and Snq2p expel external compounds solely within the surface cell layers as well as developmentally regulated production by internal cells of a selectively permeable extracellular matrix. The two mechanisms act in concert during colony development, allowing growth of new cell generations in a well-protected internal cavity of the colony. Colony architecture is strengthened by intercellular fiber connections.
与其他微生物一样，野生酵母更喜欢形成表面相关的群落，如生物膜和菌落，这些群落受到很好的保护，免受恶劣环境的影响，并且在作为病原体生长时，也能免受宿主免疫系统的影响。然而，生物膜和菌落的时空发展和环境抗性的分子机制在很大程度上仍然未知。在本文中，我们表明，一个生物膜酵母菌落是一个精细调节的复杂多细胞生物体，其中专门的细胞共同执行多种保护策略。这些策略包括 Pdr1p 调节的机制，其中多药耐药转运蛋白 Pdr5p 和 Snq2p 仅在表面细胞层中排出外部化合物，以及内部细胞发育调节产生选择性渗透的细胞外基质。这两种机制在菌落发育过程中协同作用，允许新的细胞代在菌落的内部保护腔中生长。细胞间纤维连接增强了菌落结构。
