Balde M, Grischke E M, Stolz W, Kaufmann M, Bastert G
Universitäts-Frauenklinik Heidelberg.
Geburtshilfe Frauenheilkd. 1990 Mar;50(3):199-202. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-1026462.
Neither the frequency nor the clinical pattern of abruptio placentae have changed significantly in the past years. In a retrospective study (1979-1988) we found a frequency of 0.55%, that means one abruptio placentae in every 182 births. Important and significant factors which could be correlated with the abruptio placentae were: premature labour, vaginal bleeding and gestosis. The case histories show a high rate of abortions and interruptions (24.3%) of pregnancy, as well as premature rupture of membranes (15.4%) and multiple pregnancies. Ultrasound furnished valuable diagnostic criteria in only 7.7% of the cases. A high rate of breech presentation (1/5 of all cases) is seen in combination with premature birth (37% less than or equal to 33 weeks of gestation). Half of the patients showed disturbances of coagulation. The high rate of perinatal mortality (12%) is related to the prematurity on the one hand and too late diagnosis of abruptio placentae.
过去几年，胎盘早剥的发生率和临床症状均无显著变化。在一项回顾性研究（1979 - 1988年）中，我们发现其发生率为0.55%，即每182例分娩中有1例胎盘早剥。与胎盘早剥相关的重要因素有：早产、阴道出血和妊娠中毒症。病历显示，流产和妊娠中断率较高（24.3%），胎膜早破率（15.4%）和多胎妊娠率也较高。超声检查仅在7.7%的病例中提供了有价值的诊断标准。臀位分娩率较高（占所有病例的1/5），且常伴有早产（37%的病例妊娠周数小于或等于33周）。一半的患者出现凝血功能障碍。围产期死亡率较高（12%）一方面与早产有关，另一方面与胎盘早剥诊断过晚有关。
