Sharma D R, Pradhan B, Pathak R P, Shrestha S C
Department of Public Health, Yeti Health Science Academy, Kathmandu, Nepal.
J Nepal Health Res Counc. 2010 Apr;8(1):23-6.
The management of healthcare liquid waste is an overlooked problem in Nepal with stern repercussions in terms of damaging the environment and affecting the health of people. This study was carried out to explore the healthcare liquid waste management practices in Kathmandu based central hospitals of Nepal.
A descriptive prospective study was conducted in 10 central hospitals of Kathmandu during the period of May to December 2008. Primary data were collected through interview, observation and microbiology laboratory works and secondary data were collected by records review. For microbiological laboratory works,waste water specimens cultured for the enumeration of total viable counts using standard protocols.
Evidence of waste management guidelines and committees for the management of healthcare liquid wastes could not be found in any of the studied hospitals. Similarly, total viable counts heavily exceeded the standard heterotrophic plate count (p=0.000) with no significant difference in such counts in hospitals with and without treatment plants (p=0.232).
Healthcare liquid waste management practice was not found to be satisfactory. Installation of effluent treatment plants and the development of standards for environmental indicators with effective monitoring, evaluation and strict control via relevant legal frameworks were realized.
医疗液体废物管理在尼泊尔是一个被忽视的问题，在破坏环境和影响人们健康方面有着严重的后果。本研究旨在探索尼泊尔加德满都中心医院的医疗液体废物管理实践。
2008年5月至12月期间，在加德满都的10家中心医院进行了一项描述性前瞻性研究。通过访谈、观察和微生物实验室工作收集原始数据，并通过记录审查收集二手数据。对于微生物实验室工作，使用标准方案对废水样本进行培养以计数总活菌数。
在所研究的任何一家医院中，均未发现有医疗液体废物管理指南和管理委员会的证据。同样，总活菌数严重超过标准异养平板计数（p = 0.000），有和没有污水处理厂的医院在这种计数上没有显著差异（p = 0.232）。
医疗液体废物管理实践并不令人满意。实现了安装污水处理厂以及通过相关法律框架制定环境指标标准并进行有效监测、评估和严格控制。
