Ritter W F
Agricultural Engineering Department, University of Delaware, Newark 19717.
J Environ Sci Health B. 1990 Feb;25(1):1-29. doi: 10.1080/03601239009372674.
Over 70 pesticides have been detected in ground water. Aldicarb and atrazine along with the soil fumigants EDB and DCP and DBCP have been the pesticides most frequently detected in ground water. Atrazine concentrations have been correlated with high nitrate concentrations. The triazine herbicides, simazine and cyanazine, have also been detected in ground water. The annual amount of recharge, soil type, depth of aquifer from the surface, nitrate contamination and soil pH are important field parameters in determining ground-water contamination potential by pesticides. Pesticide leaching is reduced by proper choice of crop rotation, increasing pesticide application efficiency, and integrated pest management.
在地下水中已检测出70多种农药。涕灭威、阿特拉津以及土壤熏蒸剂1,2-二溴乙烷、二氯丙烷和二溴氯丙烷是地下水中最常检测到的农药。阿特拉津浓度与高硝酸盐浓度相关。三嗪类除草剂西玛津和氰草津也在地下水中被检测到。年补给量、土壤类型、含水层距地表深度、硝酸盐污染和土壤pH值是确定农药对地下水污染可能性的重要田间参数。通过合理选择轮作、提高农药施用效率和综合虫害管理可减少农药淋溶。
