Earth and Life Institute, Biodiversity Research Centre, Université Catholique de Louvain, 4-5, Place Croix du sud, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
J Econ Entomol. 2011 Aug;104(4):1220-8. doi: 10.1603/ec10318.
The essential oil of Deverra scoparia Coss. & Durieu was investigated for its acaricidal activity against the worldwide pest twospotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). The essential oil was analyzed by fast gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry. The activities of its individual and blended constituents were determined. Our study showed that female mortality increased with increasing D. scoparia oil concentrations, with LD50 and LD90 values at 1.79 and 3.2 mg liter(-1), respectively. A reduction in fecundity had already been observed for concentrations of 0.064, 0.08, and 0.26 mg liter(-1) D. scoparia essential oil. Ten major components, comprising 98.52% of the total weight, were identified; a-pinene was the most abundant constituent (31.95%) followed by sabinene (17.24%) and delta3-carene (16.85%). The 10 major constituents of D. scoparia oil were individually tested against T. urticae females. The most potent toxicity was found with alpha-pinene, delta3-carene, and terpinen-4-ol. The presence of all constituents together in the artificial mixture caused a significant decrease in the number of eggs laid by females, at 0.26 mg liter(-1) (11 eggs), compared with the control (50 eggs). The toxicity of blends of selected constituents indicated that the presence of all constituents was necessary to reproduce the toxicity level of the natural oil.
对来自德维拉·斯科皮亚（Deverra scoparia）的精油的杀螨活性进行了研究，这种精油来自于全世界范围的害虫二斑叶螨（Tetranychus urticae Koch）（蜱螨目：叶螨科）。通过快速气相色谱（GC）和 GC-质谱联用技术对精油进行了分析。确定了其各个成分和混合成分的活性。我们的研究表明，随着 D. scoparia 油浓度的增加，雌性死亡率增加，LD50 和 LD90 值分别为 1.79 和 3.2 mg/L。在浓度为 0.064、0.08 和 0.26 mg/L 的 D. scoparia 精油中，已经观察到产卵量减少。鉴定出 10 种主要成分，占总重量的 98.52%；其中最丰富的成分为α-蒎烯（31.95%），其次是柠檬烯（17.24%）和δ3-蒈烯（16.85%）。单独测试了 D. scoparia 油的 10 种主要成分对二斑叶螨雌性的毒性。α-蒎烯、δ3-蒈烯和萜品-4-醇的毒性最强。在 0.26 mg/L（11 个卵）时，与对照（50 个卵）相比，这些成分的混合物在人工混合物中一起存在会显著降低雌性产卵的数量。选择成分的混合物的毒性表明，所有成分的存在对于再现天然油的毒性水平是必要的。
