Moraes Marcilio M DE, Camara Claudio A G DA, Silva Milena M C DA
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Laboratório de Produtos Naturais Bioativos, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Departamento de Química, Av. Dom Manoel de Medeiros, s/n, 52171-900 Recife, PE, Brazil.
An Acad Bras Cienc. 2017 Jul-Sep;89(3):1417-1429. doi: 10.1590/0001-3765201720170139. Epub 2017 Jul 31.
Essential oils from the leaves of two species of the genus Ocotea that occur in the Atlantic Forest in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil, were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The acaricidal activity of these oils as well as 11 selected components and blends were evaluated in fumigation and residual contact tests against the two-spotted spider mite (Tetranychus urticae). Sixty-seven constituents were identified, totaling 97.3 ± 0.3% and 97.8 ± 0.5% of the oils from O. duckei and O. glomerata, respectively. Sesquiterpene was the dominant class. The compounds β-caryophyllene (18.6 ± 0.1%) and aromadendrene (17.3 ± 0.6%) were the main constituents of the oils from O. duckei and O. glomerata, respectively. Acaricidal action varied depending on the method employed, species and chemical nature of the selected constituents. The mites were susceptible to the oils and chemical constituents using the fumigation method. The O. duckei oil was respectively 2.5-fold and 1.5-fold more toxic than the O. glomerata oil using the fumigation and residual contact methods. Among the selected constituents, β-caryophyllene was the most toxic, independently of the method employed. The individual toxicity of the selected compounds and their blends as well as the role of these constituents in the overall toxicity of the essential oils are also discussed.
采用气相色谱 - 质谱联用技术对巴西伯南布哥州大西洋森林中两种樟科琼楠属植物叶片的精油进行了分析。在熏蒸和残留接触试验中，针对二斑叶螨（Tetranychus urticae）评估了这些精油以及11种选定成分和混合物的杀螨活性。共鉴定出67种成分，分别占杜克琼楠（O. duckei）和团集琼楠（O. glomerata）精油的97.3±0.3%和97.8±0.5%。倍半萜是主要类别。化合物β-石竹烯（18.6±0.1%）和芳樟烯（17.3±0.6%）分别是杜克琼楠和团集琼楠精油的主要成分。杀螨作用因所采用的方法、所选成分的种类和化学性质而异。使用熏蒸法时，螨虫对精油和化学成分敏感。采用熏蒸法和残留接触法时，杜克琼楠精油的毒性分别比团集琼楠精油高2.5倍和1.5倍。在所选定的成分中，β-石竹烯毒性最大，与所采用的方法无关。还讨论了所选化合物及其混合物的个体毒性以及这些成分在精油整体毒性中的作用。
