Laboratorio de Zoología de Invertebrados II, Departamento de Biología, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional del Sur, San Juan 670, 8000 Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2011 Oct 11;137(3):1450-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2011.08.036. Epub 2011 Aug 22.
Schinus molle var. areira L. (Anacardiaceae) is employed in herbal medicine for many conditions, including respiratory, urinary and menstrual disorders, and as a digestive stimulant, diuretic, astringent and antidepressant. It is also known for its topical use as wound healer, antiseptic, for skin disorders and as repellent and insecticide. In the present work, the acute dermal exposure to ethanolic and hexanic extracts from leaves of Schinus molle var. areira was studied in rats.
A single dose of 2000 mg/kg of body weight of ethanolic and hexanic extracts from leaves was applied on the shaved skin of male and female rats. After 24h of exposure, the patch was removed and any sign of irritation was recorded. Behavioral and functional parameters in a functional observational battery and motor activity in an open field were assessed after the exposure to the extracts. Then, after 14 days of observation, animals were retested. Finally, histopathological studies were conducted on several organs.
Slight signs of erythema and edema were observed in the skin site of exposure, but they disappeared after 48 h. The exposure to the hexanic extract produced an increase in parameters of activity, rearing and arousal assessed in the functional observational battery, which reversed after 14 days. On the other hand, the ethanolic extract caused an increase in locomotor activity, reflected in a higher number of rearings performed in the open field in the evaluation carried out on Day 14. No histopathological alterations were detected in the analyzed organs.
The results show that the acute dermal exposure of the ethanolic and hexanic extracts from leaves of Schinus molle var. areira only causes a slight and reversible skin irritation, and a mild stimulatory effect in rats. All these indicate that the topical use of these extracts would be safe.
Schinus molle var. areira L.（漆树科）在草药医学中用于多种病症，包括呼吸道、泌尿系统和月经紊乱，以及作为消化刺激剂、利尿剂、收敛剂和抗抑郁药。它也因其局部用途而闻名，可作为伤口愈合剂、防腐剂、用于治疗皮肤疾病以及驱虫剂和杀虫剂。在本工作中，研究了沙冬青叶的乙醇和正己烷提取物对大鼠急性皮肤的暴露。
雄性和雌性大鼠的剃毛皮肤上涂抹 2000mg/kg 体重的乙醇和正己烷提取物的单剂量。暴露 24 小时后，去除贴片并记录任何刺激迹象。暴露于提取物后，在功能观察电池中评估行为和功能参数以及在开放场中的运动活动。然后，在观察 14 天后进行重新测试。最后，对几个器官进行了组织病理学研究。
在暴露部位的皮肤处观察到轻微的红斑和水肿迹象，但在 48 小时后消失。暴露于正己烷提取物会导致功能观察电池中评估的活动、饲养和唤醒参数增加，在 14 天后逆转。另一方面，乙醇提取物导致运动活动增加，在第 14 天进行的评估中，在开放场中进行的饲养次数更多。在分析的器官中未检测到组织病理学改变。
结果表明，沙冬青叶的乙醇和正己烷提取物的急性皮肤暴露仅引起轻微且可逆转的皮肤刺激，以及对大鼠的轻度刺激作用。所有这些都表明这些提取物的局部使用将是安全的。
