Kushner M G, Sher K J, Beitman B D
Department of Psychology, University of Missouri-Columbia 65211.
Am J Psychiatry. 1990 Jun;147(6):685-95. doi: 10.1176/ajp.147.6.685.
The idea that people suffering from anxiety have a proclivity to consume alcohol to relieve their symptoms is supported by reports showing high comorbidity rates of alcohol and anxiety problems. The authors reviewed relevant epidemiologic surveys, family studies, and field studies and conclude that the relationship between alcohol problems and anxiety appears to be variable among the anxiety disorders. In agoraphobia and social phobia, alcohol problems appear more likely to follow from attempts at self-medication of anxiety symptoms, but panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder may be more likely to follow from pathological alcohol consumption. Simple phobia does not appear to be related to alcohol problems in any meaningful way.
焦虑症患者倾向于饮酒以缓解症状这一观点，得到了显示酒精与焦虑问题高共病率的报告的支持。作者回顾了相关的流行病学调查、家族研究和实地研究，并得出结论：酒精问题与焦虑症之间的关系在焦虑症中似乎各不相同。在广场恐惧症和社交恐惧症中，酒精问题似乎更有可能源于对焦虑症状的自我治疗尝试，但惊恐障碍和广泛性焦虑症可能更有可能源于病理性饮酒。单纯恐惧症似乎与酒精问题没有任何有意义的关联。
