平衡之道：TGF-β 在黏膜免疫系统中的作用。
Balancing acts: the role of TGF-β in the mucosal immune system.
机构信息
Mucosal Immunology Section, OIIB, National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20982, USA.
出版信息
Trends Mol Med. 2011 Nov;17(11):668-76. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2011.07.002. Epub 2011 Sep 2.
Abstract
The gastrointestinal mucosal immune system faces unique challenges in dealing not only with fed antigens but also both commensal and pathogenic bacteria. It is tasked with digesting, transporting and using nutritional antigens while protecting the host from pathogenic organisms. As such, mechanisms that mediate effective immunity and immune tolerance are active within the gut environment. To accomplish this, the mucosal immune system has evolved sophisticated mechanisms that safeguard the integrity of the mucosal barrier. Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) emerges as a key mediator, balancing the tolerogenic and immunogenic forces at play in the gut. In this review, we discuss the role of TGF-β in the generation and functioning of gut lymphocyte populations. We highlight recent findings, summarize controversies, outline remaining questions and provide our personal perspectives.
摘要
胃肠道黏膜免疫系统不仅要应对摄入的抗原，还要应对共生菌和致病菌，面临着独特的挑战。它的任务是消化、运输和利用营养抗原，同时保护宿主免受病原体的侵害。因此，介导有效免疫和免疫耐受的机制在肠道环境中活跃。为了实现这一目标，黏膜免疫系统已经进化出了复杂的机制来保护黏膜屏障的完整性。转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）作为一种关键的介质出现，平衡了肠道中发挥作用的耐受原性和免疫原性力量。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 TGF-β在肠道淋巴细胞群体的产生和功能中的作用。我们强调了最近的发现，总结了争议，概述了悬而未决的问题，并提供了我们的个人观点。
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