Costa Silva Zemdegs J, Barreto Corsi L, De Castro Coelho L, Duarte Pimentel G, Toyomi Hirai A, Sachs A
Division of Nutrition, Department of Preventive Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
Nutr Hosp. 2011 May-Jun;26(3):553-9. doi: 10.1590/S0212-16112011000300018.
BACKGROUND/AIMS: The surveillance of cardiovascular risk factors has been recommended worldwide. The current study is aimed to estimate the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors among first-year students from a public university in the city of Sao Paulo, Brazil.
A cross-sectional study of 56 first-year students, of both genders, was performed. Information about demographic characteristics, family history of chronic diseases, smoking, and physical activity was obtained by means of a standardised questionnaire. Anthropometrical parameters (BMI, waist circumference, body fat percentage), metabolic parameters (glycaemia, serum lipid profile), and dietary data (total energy intake, percentage of total energy from macronutrients, cholesterol and dietary fiber) were assessed.
The risk of cardiovascular diseases was characterised by family history of cardiovascular diseases (44.6%), smoking (10.7%), physical inactivity (35.7%), borderline high total cholesterol and LDL-c levels (16.1% and 5.4, respectively), decreased HDL-c levels (8.9%), increased triglyceride levels (8.9%), and overweight and obesity (17.8% and 7.1%, respectively). The diet of the students was inadequate: it was high in fat and protein, and low in carbohydrate and dietary fibre.
The prevalence of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in young adults draws attention to the need to adopt preventive plans in the university setting.
背景/目的：全球都建议对心血管危险因素进行监测。本研究旨在评估巴西圣保罗市一所公立大学一年级学生中心血管危险因素的患病率。
对56名一年级学生（男女均有）进行了横断面研究。通过标准化问卷获取有关人口统计学特征、慢性病家族史、吸烟和体育活动的信息。评估了人体测量参数（BMI、腰围、体脂百分比）、代谢参数（血糖、血脂谱）和饮食数据（总能量摄入、宏量营养素占总能量的百分比、胆固醇和膳食纤维）。
心血管疾病风险的特征包括心血管疾病家族史（44.6%）、吸烟（10.7%）、身体活动不足（35.7%）、总胆固醇和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平临界高（分别为16.1%和5.4%）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平降低（8.9%）、甘油三酯水平升高（8.9%）以及超重和肥胖（分别为17.8%和7.1%）。学生的饮食不均衡：脂肪和蛋白质含量高，碳水化合物和膳食纤维含量低。
年轻人中心血管疾病危险因素的患病率提醒人们有必要在大学环境中采取预防计划。
