The George Institute for Global Health, Injury Division, Level 7, 341 George Street, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia.
Injury. 2012 Dec;43(12):1996-2000. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2011.08.004. Epub 2011 Sep 3.
Falls have been identified as a leading cause of injury-related morbidity and mortality in India. However, very little is known about the context and characteristics of such falls. The aim of this study was to describe the context and characteristics of fall related injuries in patients admitted to hospital for fall injury.
Medical records of patients presenting at the Emergency Department of the Nehru Hospital, Chandigarh, India between March 2008 and February 2009, were reviewed by trained investigators. All injury cases were identified and fall related injury cases were assigned an ICD 10, Chapter XX, External causes of morbidity and mortality code. A review of medical records was conducted to determine the context, nature and site of injury associated with a fall event.
Ten percent (7049) of hospital emergency presentations were due to injuries, and falls were the second leading cause (20%, 1407). Seventy-six percent of the fall related presentations were in males. More than one third (36%) of the fall related presentations occurred in those aged 0-14 years old. Falls from building or structures (35%, 499) were the leading cause for all ages except for those older than 60 years, where same level falls due to slipping, tripping and stumbling (40%, 57) were predominant. Half of all the falls resulted in head injury. Nearly 10% of patients presenting for fall related injury died.
Fall related injuries are an important contributor to hospital emergency presentations, particularly falls from buildings in children, and slips and trips in older people. Given the high proportion of falls that resulted in head injury and death, there is a significant need to develop appropriate interventions to prevent such falls.
在印度，跌倒已被确定为导致与伤害相关的发病率和死亡率的主要原因。然而，对于此类跌倒的背景和特征知之甚少。本研究旨在描述因跌倒受伤而住院的患者跌倒相关伤害的背景和特征。
对 2008 年 3 月至 2009 年 2 月期间在印度昌迪加尔 Nehru 医院急诊科就诊的患者的病历进行了培训调查员审查。确定了所有伤害病例，并为跌倒相关伤害病例分配了 ICD 10、第 XX 章、发病率和死亡率的外部原因代码。对病历进行了审查，以确定与跌倒事件相关的伤害的背景、性质和部位。
10%（7049 人）的医院急诊就诊是由于受伤，跌倒是第二大主要原因（20%，1407 人）。76%的跌倒相关就诊者为男性。超过三分之一（36%）的跌倒相关就诊者年龄在 0-14 岁之间。除 60 岁以上者外，所有年龄段的跌倒均以建筑物或结构（35%，499 例）为主，60 岁以上者则以同一水平的跌倒（滑倒、绊倒和蹒跚）为主（40%，57 例）。所有跌倒中有一半导致头部受伤。近 10%的跌倒相关就诊者死亡。
跌倒相关伤害是医院急诊就诊的一个重要原因，特别是儿童从建筑物上跌倒和老年人滑倒和绊倒。鉴于跌倒导致头部受伤和死亡的比例很高，因此有必要制定适当的干预措施来预防此类跌倒。
