International Institute for Population Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, 400088, India.
BMC Public Health. 2022 Mar 19;22(1):550. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12975-7.
Falls and related injuries in older ages have become a major public health problem. This study aims to identify the prevalence of self-reported fall-related injury and to describe risk factors associated with fall-related injury among older adults in India.
The study used data from the "Building Knowledge Base on Population Ageing in India" (BKPAI), which was carried out in seven major states in India (2011). Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the prevalence and risk factors of fall-related injury among older people.
The study found that 3.6% of older adults had a fall-related injury. Older adults with walk difficulty had a significantly higher likelihood of reporting fall-related injuries in comparison to their counterparts [adjusted odds ratio (AOR):1.80; confidence interval (CI): 1.38-2.36]. Older adults who consumed alcohol had significantly higher odds of reporting fall-related injuries than those who did not consume alcohol [AOR: 1.97; CI: 1.31-2.97]. Poor self-rated health was another risk factor for fall-related injury [AOR: 1.24; CI: 1.05-1.61]. Further, older adults with dementia were 2.15 times significantly more likely to report fall-related injuries than older adults with no dementia [AOR: 2.15; CI: 1.03-5.05]. Also, older women compared to men were 98% significantly more likely to report fall-related injury [AOR: 1.98; CI: 1.43-2.75]. The odds of reporting fall-related injury was significantly higher among those who had a secondary level education compared to those with no education [AOR: 1.44; CI: 1.01-2.06].
Walking disabilities, alcohol consumption, poor self-rated health, dementia, and female gender were found to be the risk factors for fall-related injury among older adults. The results highlight the importance of improving physical as well as mental health of older individuals including dementia in terms of reducing the risk of experiencing fall-related injury.
老年人跌倒及其相关伤害已成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在确定印度老年人中自我报告跌倒相关伤害的发生率，并描述与跌倒相关伤害相关的危险因素。
本研究使用了“印度人口老龄化知识基础建设”（BKPAI）的数据，该研究在印度七个主要邦进行（2011 年）。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归分析来检验老年人跌倒相关伤害的发生率和危险因素。
研究发现，3.6%的老年人有跌倒相关伤害。与没有行走困难的老年人相比，有行走困难的老年人报告跌倒相关伤害的可能性显著更高[校正比值比（AOR）：1.80；置信区间（CI）：1.38-2.36]。与不饮酒的老年人相比，饮酒的老年人报告跌倒相关伤害的可能性显著更高[AOR：1.97；CI：1.31-2.97]。自我评估健康状况较差也是跌倒相关伤害的一个危险因素[AOR：1.24；CI：1.05-1.61]。此外，与没有痴呆的老年人相比，有痴呆的老年人报告跌倒相关伤害的可能性高 2.15 倍[AOR：2.15；CI：1.03-5.05]。与男性相比，老年女性报告跌倒相关伤害的可能性高 98%[AOR：1.98；CI：1.43-2.75]。与没有受过教育的老年人相比，接受过中等教育的老年人报告跌倒相关伤害的可能性高 1.44 倍[AOR：1.44；CI：1.01-2.06]。
行走障碍、饮酒、自我评估健康状况差、痴呆和女性被确定为老年人跌倒相关伤害的危险因素。研究结果强调了改善老年人身心健康（包括痴呆）的重要性，这有助于降低跌倒相关伤害的风险。
