Institute for Animal Production in the Tropics and Subtropics, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2012 Dec;96(6):1030-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2011.01217.x. Epub 2011 Sep 7.
Jatropha curcas seeds are rich in oil and protein. The oil is used for biodiesel production. Jatropha seed cake (JSC) obtained after oil extraction is rich in protein; however, it is toxic (phorbol esters content 1.3 mg/g) and consists of 50-60% shells, which are indigestible. The principle of isoelectric precipitation was used to obtain Jatropha protein isolate (JPI) from JSC and it was detoxified (DJPI). Carp (n = 45, 20.3 ± 0.13 g) were randomly distributed into five groups with three replicates and for 12-week fed iso-nitrogenous diets (crude protein 38%): Control [fishmeal (FM)-based protein]; J(50) and J(75) (50% and 75% of FM protein replaced by DJPI); S(50) and S(75) (50% and 75% of FM protein replaced by soy protein isolate). Growth performance and nutrient utilisation parameters were highest in S(75) group and not significantly different to those in J(50) and S(50) groups but were significantly higher than those for all other groups. Similar trend was observed for protein and energy digestibilities of experimental diets, whereas opposite trend was observed for the feed to gain ratio. Activities of intestinal digestive enzymes did not different significantly between the five groups. In conclusion, DJPI is a good quality protein source for carp.
麻疯树种子富含油脂和蛋白质。其油脂可用于生产生物柴油。麻疯树种子榨油后的饼粕（Jatropha seed cake，JSC）富含蛋白质，但同时具有毒性（麻疯树籽油中含有 1.3mg/g 的 6-姜酚）且含有 50-60%的不可消化的外壳。本研究利用等电点沉淀法从 JSC 中提取麻疯树蛋白分离物（Jatropha protein isolate，JPI）并进行脱毒（detoxified Jatropha protein isolate，DJPI）处理。将 45 尾初始均重为 20.3±0.13g 的鲤鱼随机分为 5 组，每组 3 个重复，在为期 12 周的实验中投喂等氮水平（粗蛋白 38%）的实验饲料：对照组（以鱼粉蛋白为蛋白源）；J(50)组和 J(75)组（分别用 50%和 75%的鱼粉蛋白被 DJPI 替代）；S(50)组和 S(75)组（分别用 50%和 75%的鱼粉蛋白被大豆分离蛋白替代）。S(75)组的生长性能和养分利用率参数最高，与 J(50)组和 S(50)组无显著差异，但显著高于其他组。实验饲料的蛋白质和能量消化率也呈现出相似的趋势，而饲料增重比则呈现出相反的趋势。5 组间肠道消化酶的活性无显著差异。综上，DJPI 是鲤鱼优质的蛋白源。
