Ringertz S, Bellete B, Karlsson I, Ohman G, Gedebou M, Kronvall G
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Bull World Health Organ. 1990;68(1):61-8.
A high level of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria has been detected at the Tikur Anbessa Hospital (TAH), Addis Ababa, for many years. In contrast, at the Karolinska Hospital (KH), Stockholm, the level of resistance is low. Reported are the results of an investigation of the correlation between antibiotic usage and the antimicrobial resistance rates of Escherichia coli isolates from patients with urinary tract infections in these hospitals. At TAH the strains of E. coli isolated were considerably more resistant to all seven antibiotics tested. The level of multiresistance was 63% at TAH and 7% at KH. There were no significant differences in the total amount of antibiotics used in the two hospitals, except for antituberculosis agents. The strain biotypes and antibiograms, together with the length of patients' hospitalization before a positive urine culture was obtained, suggest that the majority of the strains from TAH were of nosocomial origin.
多年来，在亚的斯亚贝巴的提古雷·安贝萨医院（TAH）检测到细菌的高耐药性。相比之下，在斯德哥尔摩的卡罗林斯卡医院（KH），耐药水平较低。本文报道了对这两家医院尿路感染患者分离的大肠杆菌抗生素使用情况与耐药率之间相关性的调查结果。在TAH，分离出的大肠杆菌菌株对所有七种测试抗生素的耐药性明显更高。TAH的多重耐药水平为63%，KH为7%。除抗结核药物外，两家医院使用的抗生素总量没有显著差异。菌株生物型和抗菌谱，以及在尿培养呈阳性之前患者的住院时间，表明TAH的大多数菌株源自医院感染。
