Department of Biotechnology, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
Department of Biology, Haramaya University, Alemaya, Ethiopia.
BMC Infect Dis. 2018 Jan 10;18(1):30. doi: 10.1186/s12879-017-2911-x.
Urinary tract infection (UTI) remains to be one of the most common infectious diseases diagnosed in developing countries. And a widespread use of antibiotics against uropathogens has led to the emergence of antibiotic resistant species. A laboratory based cross-sectional survey was conducted in Shashemene referral hospital to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of uropathogens.
We have collected 384 clean catch mid-stream urine samples from all suspected UTI outpatients using sterile screw capped container. The urine samples were cultured and processed for subsequent uropathogens isolation. The isolated pure cultures were grown on BiOLOG Universal Growth agar (BUG) and identified using GEN III OmniLog® Plus ID System identification protocols. The identified species were then exposed to selected antibiotics to test for their susceptibility.
The overall prevalence of urinary tract infection in the area was 90.1%. Most frequently isolated uropathogen in our study was Escherichia coli (39.3%). While, Staphylococcus species (20.2%), Leuconostoc species (11.4%), Raoultella terrigena/Klebsiella spp./ (8.4%), Salmonella typhimurium (6.3%), Dermacoccus nishinomiyaensis (6.3%), Citerobacter freundii (5.2%) and Issatchenkia orientalis/Candida krusei/ (2.7%) were the other isolates. We find that the relationship between uropathogens and some of UTI risk factors was statistically significant (P < 0.05). Gentamicin was the most effective drug against most of the isolates followed by chloramphenicol and nitrofurantoin. In contrast, amoxicillin, vancomycin and cephalexin were the antibiotics to which most of the isolates developed resistance.
Urinary tract infection was highly prevalent in the study area and all uropathogens isolated developed a resistance against mostly used antibiotics.
尿路感染（UTI）仍然是发展中国家最常见的传染病之一。广泛使用抗生素治疗尿路病原体导致了抗生素耐药物种的出现。本研究在沙舍梅内转诊医院进行了一项基于实验室的横断面调查，以确定尿路病原体的流行率和抗生素敏感性。
我们使用无菌螺旋盖容器从所有疑似尿路感染的门诊患者中收集了 384 份清洁中段尿样本。对尿液样本进行培养和处理，以随后分离尿路病原体。将分离的纯培养物接种在 BIOLOG 通用生长琼脂（BUG）上，并使用 GEN III OmniLog® Plus ID 系统鉴定方案进行鉴定。然后将鉴定的物种暴露于选定的抗生素中以测试其敏感性。
该地区尿路感染的总患病率为 90.1%。在我们的研究中，最常分离到的尿路病原体是大肠杆菌（39.3%）。而葡萄球菌属（20.2%）、肠球菌属（11.4%）、Raoultella terrigena/克雷伯氏菌属/（8.4%）、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（6.3%）、藤黄微球菌（6.3%）、柠檬酸杆菌属（5.2%）和东方伊萨酵母/克柔假丝酵母/（2.7%）是其他分离株。我们发现，尿路病原体与一些尿路感染危险因素之间存在统计学显著关系（P<0.05）。庆大霉素是大多数分离株最有效的药物，其次是氯霉素和呋喃妥因。相比之下，阿莫西林、万古霉素和头孢氨苄是大多数分离株产生耐药性的抗生素。
在研究区域，尿路感染的患病率很高，所有分离的尿路病原体对大多数常用抗生素都产生了耐药性。
