[摩洛哥儿童农药中毒：流行病学及预后情况（1990 - 2008年）]

[Pesticide poisoning in Moroccan children: epidemiological and prognostic aspects (1990-2008)].

作者信息

Achour Sanae, Khattabi Asmae, Rhalem Naïma, Ouammi Lahcen, Mokhtari Abdelrhani, Soulaymani Abdelmajid, Bencheikh Rachida Soulaymani

机构信息

Service de Pharmaco-Toxiocolgie, Laboratoire central d'analyses médicales, CHU Hassan II de Fés, 18500 Fés-Maroc.

出版信息

Sante Publique. 2011 May-Jun;23(3):195-205.

PMID:21896214

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

The purpose of this paper is to describe the epidemiological profile of acute pesticide poisoning in children (APP) treated by the Moroccan Poison Control Center (CAPM) and to analyze death cases in order to determine factors predictive of severity.

METHOD

the study is based on a retrospective study of all cases of APP collected by the CAPM over a period of eighteen years (January 1990 to December 2008). Univariate analysis was performed to identify risk factors.

RESULTS

2,672 cases of childhood poisoning by pesticide were collected. The mean age was 5.6 ± 4.57 years. The sex ratio was 1.12. The cause of poisoning was accidental in 87.1% of cases, followed by attempted suicide (12.1%). Organophosphates were the most frequent poison (50.7%), followed by alpha-chloralose (26.5%). The case fatality rate was 3.3%. Mortality was attributed to organophosphates in 30 cases, followed by inorganic derivatives (7 cases) and carbamates (6 cases). A univariate analysis comparing survivors and groups who died showed that rural origin (p = 0.04), voluntary circumstances (p = 0.001), and the type of chemical class of pesticide (p < 0.001) significantly influence fatal poisoning.

CONCLUSION

Acute pesticide poisoning among children is a reality in Morocco. Preventive measures may be needed.

摘要

目的

本文旨在描述摩洛哥中毒控制中心（CAPM）所治疗的儿童急性农药中毒（APP）的流行病学概况，并分析死亡病例以确定严重程度的预测因素。

方法

该研究基于对CAPM在18年期间（1990年1月至2008年12月）收集的所有APP病例的回顾性研究。进行单因素分析以确定危险因素。

结果

共收集到2672例儿童农药中毒病例。平均年龄为5.6±4.57岁。男女比例为1.12。87.1%的中毒原因是意外，其次是自杀未遂（12.1%）。有机磷是最常见的毒物（50.7%），其次是α-氯醛糖（26.5%）。病死率为3.3%。30例死亡归因于有机磷，其次是无机衍生物（7例）和氨基甲酸盐（6例）。对幸存者和死亡组进行的单因素分析表明，农村地区（p = 0.04）、自愿情况（p = 0.001）和农药化学类别类型（p < 0.001）对致命中毒有显著影响。