Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.
Curr Opin Urol. 2011 Nov;21(6):449-54. doi: 10.1097/MOU.0b013e32834b4a9e.
The field of urogenital trauma is undergoing constant improvement mainly due to better diagnostic tools, a shift toward standardized treatments and better trauma care. The purpose of this review is to summarize the most relevant studies published within the last 3 years on the subject.
Computerized tomography grading of renal trauma is an excellent predictor of the need for surgery and the final renal outcome in these patients, as most patients can be treated conservatively. Computerized tomography cystography has become the standard for the diagnosis of bladder rupture in which the indications for surgical intervention may be changing. The most common urethral trauma is posterior urethral injury due to pelvic fracture. The best results in adults and children are achieved by urethroplasty.
The diagnosis and treatment of genitourinary trauma is still evolving. The long-term sequels of these injuries may best be treated by urologists expert in urogenital reconstruction. In the future, tissue engineering may have an important place in the treatment of these patients.
泌尿生殖系统创伤领域一直在不断发展，主要是因为更好的诊断工具、向标准化治疗的转变以及更好的创伤护理。本文的目的是总结过去 3 年中关于该主题的最相关研究。
计算机断层扫描（CT）分级可准确预测肾损伤患者是否需要手术以及最终的肾脏结局，因为大多数患者可接受保守治疗。CT 膀胱造影已成为诊断膀胱破裂的标准方法，手术干预的适应证可能正在发生变化。最常见的尿道创伤是骨盆骨折导致的后尿道损伤。对于成人和儿童，尿道成形术可取得最佳效果。
泌尿生殖系统创伤的诊断和治疗仍在不断发展。这些损伤的长期后果可能最好由精通泌尿生殖重建的泌尿科医生来治疗。在未来，组织工程在这些患者的治疗中可能具有重要地位。
