Kontos Anthony P, Dolese Angela, Elbin R J, Covassin Tracey, Warren Barbara L
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Department of Orthopaedic Surgery/UPMC Sports Medicine Concussion Program, Pennsylvania, USA. mail-
Brain Inj. 2011;25(12):1234-41. doi: 10.3109/02699052.2011.608209. Epub 2011 Sep 8.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between soccer heading and computerized neurocognitive performance and symptoms in female and male youth soccer players.
Cross-sectional and prospective design.
A total of 63 (27 females, 36 males) youth soccer players aged 13-18 years (M = 15.89, SD = 1.17) participated in the study. Participants completed the Immediate Post-concussion Assessment and Cognitive Test (ImPACT) and symptom report.
Computerized neurocognitive performance (e.g., verbal and visual memory, motor processing, and reaction time) and symptoms.
There were no differences in neurocognitive performance or symptoms among low-, moderate-, and high-exposure header groups. The current sample outperformed the 10th percentile norms for neurocognitive and symptom scores. Males headed the ball more frequently and reported lower verbal and visual memory and motor processing speed scores than females.
The current findings did not support a relationship between soccer heading and computerized neurocognitive performance and symptoms. The researchers suggest that any purported effects of soccer heading in youth are subtle and may affect only a small number of athletes. The reported sex differences in heading exposure warrant further attention.
本研究旨在调查青少年男女足球运动员头球与计算机化神经认知表现及症状之间的关系。
横断面和前瞻性设计。
共有63名年龄在13 - 18岁（平均年龄M = 15.89，标准差SD = 1.17）的青少年足球运动员（27名女性，36名男性）参与了该研究。参与者完成了脑震荡后即刻评估和认知测试（ImPACT）以及症状报告。
计算机化神经认知表现（如言语和视觉记忆、运动处理和反应时间）及症状。
低、中、高头球暴露组在神经认知表现或症状方面没有差异。当前样本在神经认知和症状评分方面优于第10百分位数标准。男性头球频率更高，且在言语和视觉记忆以及运动处理速度评分方面低于女性。
当前研究结果不支持足球头球与计算机化神经认知表现及症状之间存在关联。研究人员表明，青少年足球头球的任何所谓影响都很细微，可能仅影响少数运动员。报告的头球暴露方面的性别差异值得进一步关注。
