Lindsay D S, Dubey J P
Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia - Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, 1410 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
United States Department of Agriculture, Animal Natural Resources Institute, Animal Parasitic Disease Laboratory, BARC-East, Building. 1001, Beltsville, MD 20705-2350, USA.
Parasitology. 2011 Dec;138(14):1829-31. doi: 10.1017/S0031182011001478. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
Researchers have learned much concerning the population biology of Toxoplasma gondii over the past 2 decades. It is now apparent that many atypical genotypes exist besides the typical 3 genotypes (type I, type II and type III) first described from samples from Europe and the United States. These genotypes can differ in pathogenicity and transmissibility from the typical genotypes that have been used in the majority of scientific research over the past 70 years. These differences impact much of what we used to believe as facts about congenital toxoplasmosis (CT) and will be important in developing new recommendations for prevention of CT and the monitoring of women at risk for developing CT. The present review highlights new information on T. gondii genotypes and how this information will change the way we convey information about CT to pregnant women, physicians and students.
在过去20年里，研究人员对刚地弓形虫的种群生物学有了很多了解。现在很明显，除了最初从欧洲和美国样本中描述的典型3种基因型（I型、II型和III型）之外，还存在许多非典型基因型。这些基因型在致病性和传播性方面可能与过去70年大多数科学研究中使用的典型基因型有所不同。这些差异影响了我们过去认为是先天性弓形虫病（CT）事实的许多方面，并且对于制定预防CT的新建议以及监测有患CT风险的女性将具有重要意义。本综述重点介绍了有关刚地弓形虫基因型的新信息，以及这些信息将如何改变我们向孕妇、医生和学生传达CT相关信息的方式。
