Lindenberg Kelly M, Carcia Christopher R, Phelps Amy L, Martin Robroy L, Burrows Anne M
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2011 Sep;6(3):186-98.
To determine if heel height alters sagittal plane knee kinematics when landing from a forward hop or drop landing.
Knee angles close to extension during landing are theorized to increase ACL injury risk in female athletes.
Fifty collegiate females performed two single-limb landing tasks while wearing heel lifts of three different sizes (0, 12 & 24 mm) attached to the bottom of a sneaker. Using an electrogoniometer, sagittal plane kinematics (initial contact [KA(IC)], peak flexion [KA(Peak)], and rate of excursion [RE]) were examined. Repeated measures ANOVAs were used to determine the influence of heel height on the dependent measures.
Forward hop task- KA(IC) with 0 mm, 12 mm, and 24 mm lifts were 8.88±6.5, 9.38±5.8 and 11.28±7.0, respectively. Significant differences were noted between 0 and 24 mm lift (p<.001) and 12 and 24 mm lifts (p=.003), but not between the 0 and 12 mm conditions (p=.423). KA(Peak) with 0 mm, 12 mm, and 24 mm lifts were 47.08±10.9, 48.18±10.3 and 48.88±9.7, respectively. A significant difference was noted between 0 and 24 mm lift (p=.004), but not between the 0 and 12 mm or 12 and 24 mm conditions (p=.071 and p=.282, respectively). The RE decreased significantly from 2128/sec±52 with the 12 mm lift to 1958/sec±55 with the 24 mm lift (p=.004). RE did not differ from 0 to 12 or 0 to 24 mm lift conditions (p=.351 and p=.086, respectively). Jump-landing task- No significant differences were found in KA(IC) (p=.531), KA(Peak) (p=.741), or the RE (p=.190) between any of the heel lift conditions.
The addition of a 24 mm heel lift to the bottom of a sneaker significantly alters sagittal plane knee kinematics upon landing from a unilateral forward hop but not from a drop jump.
确定从向前单脚跳或下落式着陆落地时，鞋跟高度是否会改变矢状面膝关节运动学。
理论上，女性运动员着陆时膝关节接近伸直的角度会增加前交叉韧带损伤风险。
50名大学女生穿着在运动鞋底部附着三种不同尺寸（0、12和24毫米）后跟垫进行两项单腿着陆任务。使用电子角度计，检查矢状面运动学（初始接触[KA(IC)]、最大屈曲[KA(Peak)]和偏移率[RE]）。采用重复测量方差分析来确定鞋跟高度对相关测量指标的影响。
向前单脚跳任务——0毫米、12毫米和24毫米后跟垫时的KA(IC)分别为8.88±6.5、9.38±5.8和11.28±7.0。0毫米和24毫米后跟垫之间（p<.001）以及12毫米和24毫米后跟垫之间（p=.003）存在显著差异，但0毫米和12毫米条件之间（p=.423）无显著差异。0毫米、12毫米和24毫米后跟垫时的KA(Peak)分别为47.08±10.9、48.18±10.3和48.88±9.7。0毫米和24毫米后跟垫之间存在显著差异（p=.004），但0毫米和12毫米之间或12毫米和24毫米条件之间无显著差异（分别为p=.071和p=.282）。RE从12毫米后跟垫时的2128/秒±52显著降至24毫米后跟垫时的1958/秒±55（p=.004）。0毫米到12毫米或0毫米到24毫米后跟垫条件下RE无差异（分别为p=.351和p=.086）。下落式着陆任务——任何后跟垫条件下的KA(IC)（p=.531）、KA(Peak)（p=.741）或RE（p=.190）均未发现显著差异。
在运动鞋底部添加24毫米后跟垫会显著改变单侧向前单脚跳落地时的矢状面膝关节运动学，但不会改变下落式跳落地时的情况。
