Fan Meng, Wang Ai-yuan, Wang Yu, Peng Jiang, Zhao Bin, Liu Bin, Zhang Li, Sun Jian-qi, Xu Wen-jing, Lu Shi-bi
Department of Orthopeadics, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Zhongguo Yi Xue Ke Xue Yuan Xue Bao. 2011 Aug;33(4):375-81. doi: 10.3881/j.issn.1000-503X.2011.04.006.
To establish a new animal model of osteonecrosis of the femoral head(ONFH) with improved consistency and incidence of femoral head collapse for studies on the mechanism of osteonecrosis. and on the assessment of treatment effectiveness.
Twenty adult male emus were used. Guide instrumentation was constructed to position the customized probe just articularly and at the proximal part of the femoral head. An alternating focal liquid nitrogen freezing and radiofrequency heating was applied. At 2, 4, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after surgery, hip magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was performed. Before the emus were sacrificed, barium sulfate was infused to lower extremities for microangiography. The femoral samples were scanned by micro-computed tomography (Micro-CT) and evaluated histologically.
No bird demonstrated signs of infection or died unexpectedly. Hip MRI showed changes massive edema at the 4th week, increasingly localized abnormal signals at the 8th'" week, and femoral head collapse at the 12'h week. Micro-CT scans and histological images at the 16th week showed human-like osteonecrotic changes with impaired local blood supply. Bone mineral density of the collapsed head was (380. 31 + 28. 12) mg/cm3 and trabecular spaces were (0. 86 ±0.32) mm; both were significantly lower than those in the control side, which were (415.75 41.28) mg/cm3 and (1. 17 ± 0. 17) mm, respectively (P < 0. 05). Bone volume fraction of the collapsed head was(47.28 ± 17. 14)% and trabecular thickness was (506. 17 ± 220. 58) p.m; both were significantly higher than those at control side, which were (30. 92 ± 4. 01)% and (325. 50 ±44. 53) pm, respectively (P <0. 05). The microangiography at the 16th week showed that vessel volume fraction was (0. 315 ± 0. 055)% , which was significantly higher than the collapsed side [ (0. 142 ± 0. 059)% ] (P <0. 05).
The emu model of fem-oral head osteonecrosis was successfully established using focal alternating cooling and heating insults. The models, with improved consistency and incidence of femoral head collapse, can be used in studies on the mechanism of osteonecrosis and on the assessment of treatment effectiveness.
建立一种新的股骨头坏死（ONFH）动物模型，提高股骨头塌陷的一致性和发生率，用于股骨头坏死机制研究及治疗效果评估。
选用20只成年雄性鸸鹋。构建导向器械，将定制探头精准置于股骨头关节处及近端。采用交替聚焦液氮冷冻和射频加热。术后2、4、8、12和16周行髋关节磁共振成像（MRI）检查。在处死鸸鹋前，向其下肢注入硫酸钡进行微血管造影。对股骨样本进行微计算机断层扫描（Micro-CT）并进行组织学评估。
无鸸鹋出现感染迹象或意外死亡。髋关节MRI显示第4周出现大量水肿改变，第8周异常信号逐渐局限，第12周出现股骨头塌陷。第16周的Micro-CT扫描和组织学图像显示出类似人类的骨坏死改变，局部血供受损。塌陷股骨头的骨密度为（380.31±28.12）mg/cm³，小梁间隙为（0.86±0.32）mm；两者均显著低于对照侧，对照侧分别为（415.75±41.28）mg/cm³和（1.17±0.17）mm（P<0.05）。塌陷股骨头的骨体积分数为（47.28±17.14）%，小梁厚度为（506.17±220.58）μm；两者均显著高于对照侧，对照侧分别为（30.92±4.01）%和（325.50±44.53）μm（P<0.05）。第16周的微血管造影显示血管体积分数为（0.315±0.055）%，显著高于塌陷侧[（0.142±0.059）%]（P<0.05）。
采用聚焦交替冷却和加热损伤成功建立了鸸鹋股骨头坏死模型。该模型提高了股骨头塌陷的一致性和发生率，可用于股骨头坏死机制研究及治疗效果评估。
