Dagleish M P, Stevenson K, Foster G, McLuckie J, Sellar M, Harley J, Evans J, Brownlow A
Moredun Research Institute, Pentlands Science Park, Bush Loan, Penicuik, Near Edinburgh EH26 OPZ, Scotland, UK.
J Comp Pathol. 2012 May;146(4):372-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.07.008. Epub 2011 Sep 8.
Equids are considered highly resistant to mycobacterial infections and clinical cases have been described in domestic horses only. Mycobacterium bovis is the most common species reported, although a single report exists of disease due to definitively diagnosed infection with Mycobacterium avium subsp. hominissuis in two domestic horses. This is the first report of a mycobacterial infection in a kiang (Equus kiang), or indeed any wild equid. The animal had chronic loss of condition and serum biochemical changes suggestive of liver disease and chronic infection. Further investigation showed a chronic granulomatous enteritis, lymphadenitis and hepatitis with focal granulomatous pneumonia due to systemic infection with M. avium subsp. hominissuis. The distribution and severity of the lesions suggested that the route of infection was alimentary.
马科动物被认为对分枝杆菌感染具有高度抵抗力，且仅在家马中描述过临床病例。牛分枝杆菌是最常报告的菌种，不过有一份单独报告称，两匹家养马因确诊感染鸟分枝杆菌亚种人型亚种而患病。这是关于藏野驴（Equus kiang）或任何野生马科动物分枝杆菌感染的首例报告。该动物长期身体状况不佳，血清生化变化提示存在肝脏疾病和慢性感染。进一步调查显示，由于全身性感染鸟分枝杆菌亚种人型亚种，出现了慢性肉芽肿性肠炎、淋巴结炎和肝炎，并伴有局灶性肉芽肿性肺炎。病变的分布和严重程度表明感染途径为消化道。
