Department of Chemical Technology, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
J Hazard Mater. 2011 Nov 15;195:378-82. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2011.08.053. Epub 2011 Aug 24.
As ionic liquids are winning more attention from industry as a replacement of more hazardous chemicals, some of their structures have the potential to become persistent pollutants due to high stability towards abiotic and biotic degradation processes. Therefore it is important to determine the hazard associated with the presence of ILs in the environment, for example biodegradation under real conditions. Standard biodegradation testing procedures generally permit pre-conditioning of inoculum but do not allow for pre-exposition to the test substance. These are usually conducted in a mineral medium which does not provide additional organic nutrients. Though very valuable, as a point of reference, these tests do not fully represent real conditions. In in situ conditions, for example in wastewater treatment plants or natural soils and water bodies, the presence of readily available sources of energy and nutrients as well as the process of adaptation may often alter the fate and metabolic pathways of xenobiotics. Our results have shown that these are the opposing processes influencing the biodegradation rate of ILs in sewage sludge. The results have significant practical implications with respect to the assessment of biodegradability and environmental fate of ILs and other xenobiotics in environmental conditions and their potential remediation options.
随着离子液体作为更危险化学品的替代品在工业界受到越来越多的关注，由于其对非生物和生物降解过程具有很高的稳定性，它们的某些结构有可能成为持久性污染物。因此，确定 ILs 在环境中的存在所带来的危害非常重要，例如在实际条件下的生物降解。标准生物降解测试程序通常允许接种物的预处理，但不允许对测试物质进行预暴露。这些通常在不提供额外有机营养素的矿物质培养基中进行。尽管这些测试作为参考点非常有价值，但它们并不能完全代表实际情况。例如，在废水处理厂或自然土壤和水体中，存在现成的能源和营养物质来源以及适应过程，这些过程常常会改变外来污染物的命运和代谢途径。我们的研究结果表明，这些是影响污水污泥中 ILs 生物降解速率的相反过程。这些结果对于评估 ILs 和其他外来污染物在环境条件下的生物降解性和环境归宿以及它们的潜在修复选择具有重要的实际意义。
