Department of Process Engineering and Chemical Technology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Faculty of Chemistry, Gdańsk University of Technology, ul. Narutowicza 11/12, 80-233 Gdańsk, Poland.
Molecules. 2023 Jan 28;28(3):1268. doi: 10.3390/molecules28031268.
Ionic liquids (ILs), due to their specific properties, can play the role of persistent water contaminants. Fungi manifest the ability to decompose hardy degradable compounds, showing potential in the biodegradation of ILs, which has been studied extensively on sewage sludge; however, attention was drawn mainly to bacterial and not fungal species. The aim of the research was to determine the significance of fungi in ILs' biodegradation to extend the knowledge and possibly point out ways of increasing their role in this process. The research included: the isolation and genetic identification of fungal strains potentially capable of [OMIM][Cl], [BMIM][Cl], [OMIM][TfN], and [BMIM][TfN] degradation, adjustment of the ILs concentration for biodegradability test by MICs determination and choosing strains with the highest biological robustness; inoculum adaptation tests, and finally primary biodegradation by OECD 301F test. The study, conducted for 2 mM [OMIM][Cl] as a tested substance and consortium of microorganisms as inoculum, resulted in an average 64.93% biodegradation rate within a 28-day testing period. For the individual fungal strain (), the maximum of only 4.89% biodegradation rate was reached in 10 days, then inhibited. Insight into the role of fungi in the biodegradation of ILs was obtained, enabling the creation of a complex overview of ILs toxicity and the possibilities of its biological use. However, only an inoculum consisting of a consortium of microorganisms enriched with a selected strain of fungi was able to decompose the IL, in contrast to that consisting only of an individual fungal strain.
离子液体（ILs）由于其特殊性质，可以充当持久性水污染物。真菌表现出分解难降解化合物的能力，在 ILs 的生物降解方面具有很大的潜力，这在污水污泥方面已经得到了广泛的研究；然而，主要关注的是细菌而不是真菌。本研究的目的是确定真菌在 ILs 生物降解中的重要性，以扩展知识并可能指出增加其在该过程中作用的方法。该研究包括：分离和遗传鉴定具有潜在降解能力的真菌菌株，如[OMIM][Cl]、[BMIM][Cl]、[OMIM][TfN]和[BMIM][TfN]，通过 MIC 测定调整 ILs 浓度以进行生物降解性测试，并选择具有最高生物稳健性的菌株；接种物适应试验，最后采用 OECD 301F 试验进行初步生物降解。该研究以 2mM [OMIM][Cl]作为测试物质，以微生物混合物作为接种物，在 28 天的测试期内，平均生物降解率为 64.93%。对于单个真菌菌株（），在 10 天内达到了最高的 4.89%生物降解率，然后被抑制。本研究深入了解了真菌在 ILs 生物降解中的作用，为 ILs 毒性及其生物利用的可能性提供了综合的认识。然而，只有包含经过选择的真菌菌株的微生物混合物接种物才能分解 IL，而仅由单个真菌菌株组成的接种物则不能。
