Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
J Anxiety Disord. 2011 Dec;25(8):1108-15. doi: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.08.001. Epub 2011 Aug 7.
Social phobics exhibit an attentional bias for threat in probe detection paradigms. Attention training, whereby probes always replace non-threat in a display presenting both threat and non-threat, reduces attentional bias for threat and social anxiety. However, it remains unclear whether therapeutic benefits result from learning to disengage attention from threat or learning to orient attention towards non-threat. In this experiment, social phobics were randomly assigned to one of four training conditions: (1) disengagement from threat, (2) engagement towards non-threat, (3) disengagement from threat and re-engagement towards non-threat, and (4) a control condition. Effects were examined on subjective and behavioral responses to a subsequent stressor. Data revealed that training to disengage from threat reduces behavioral indices of anxiety. Engagement towards non-threat faces did not have effects in itself. These results support that the difficulty in disengaging attention from threat is a critical process in maintenance of the disorder.
社交恐惧症患者在探测检测范式中表现出对威胁的注意力偏向。注意力训练，即当呈现威胁和非威胁时，探针始终取代非威胁，从而减少对威胁和社交焦虑的注意力偏向。然而，尚不清楚治疗益处是源于学会从威胁中转移注意力还是学会将注意力转向非威胁。在这项实验中，社交恐惧症患者被随机分配到以下四种训练条件之一：（1）从威胁中解脱出来，（2）关注非威胁，（3）从威胁中解脱出来并重新关注非威胁，以及（4）控制条件。在随后的应激源下，检查了对主观和行为反应的影响。数据显示，从威胁中解脱出来的训练可以减少焦虑的行为指标。关注非威胁面孔本身并没有效果。这些结果支持这样一种观点，即难以从威胁中转移注意力是该疾病维持的一个关键过程。
