Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Division of Toxicology and Environmental Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
Environ Res. 2011 Nov;111(8):1249-57. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2011.08.011. Epub 2011 Sep 9.
This study investigated whether low blood-lead levels (≤10 μg/dL) were associated with blood pressure (BP) outcomes. The authors analyzed data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2006 and participants aged 20 years or older. Outcome variables were systolic and diastolic BP measurements, pulse pressure, and hypertension status. Multivariable linear and logistic regressions stratified by race/ethnicity and gender were performed. Blood lead levels (BLL) were significantly correlated with higher systolic BP among black men and women, but not white or Mexican-American participants. BLLs were significantly associated with higher diastolic BPs among white men and women and black men, whereas, a negative association was observed in Mexican-American men that had, also, a wider pulse pressure. Black men in the 90th percentile of blood lead distribution (BLL≥3.50 μg/dL) compared to black men in the 10th percentile of blood lead distribution (BLL≤0.7 μg/dL) had a significant increase of risk of having hypertension (adjusted POR=2.69; 95% CI: 1.08-6.72). In addition, blood cadmium was significantly associated with hypertension and systolic and diastolic blood. This study found that, despite the continuous decline in blood lead in the U.S. population, lead exposure disparities among race and gender still exist.
本研究旨在探讨低血铅水平（≤10μg/dL）是否与血压（BP）结果相关。作者分析了 1999-2006 年全国健康和营养调查的数据，参与者年龄在 20 岁及以上。结果变量是收缩压和舒张压测量值、脉压和高血压状态。按种族/民族和性别分层进行多变量线性和逻辑回归。血铅水平（BLL）与黑人男性和女性的收缩压升高显著相关，但与白人或墨西哥裔美国人参与者无关。BLLs 与白人男性和女性以及黑人男性的舒张压升高显著相关，而在墨西哥裔美国男性中观察到负相关，其脉压也较宽。与血铅分布第 10 百分位（BLL≤0.7μg/dL）的黑人男性相比，血铅分布第 90 百分位（BLL≥3.50μg/dL）的黑人男性患高血压的风险显著增加（调整 POR=2.69；95%CI：1.08-6.72）。此外，血镉与高血压以及收缩压和舒张压显著相关。本研究发现，尽管美国人群的血铅持续下降，但种族和性别之间的铅暴露差异仍然存在。
