Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA.
Radiographics. 2011 Sep-Oct;31(5):1425-41. doi: 10.1148/rg.315105229.
It is common to encounter pathologic processes of the lower cervical, thoracic, or upper lumbar spine in the course of routine computed tomography (CT) of the chest. Although magnetic resonance (MR) is the imaging modality of choice for evaluating known spinal disease, evaluation of the spine is an integral part of interpreting a chest CT study. Spinal diseases often have a characteristic CT appearance that allows the radiologist to make the diagnosis or provide a structured differential diagnosis. Pathologic conditions of the spine that can be identified at chest CT are categorized into benign or incidental findings, congenital anomalies, traumatic injuries, infectious spondylitis, primary or secondary neoplastic involvement, and associations with systemic disease. CT also provides information about bone mineralization and lesion calcification that complements the superior soft-tissue imaging capability of MR. In addition, chest CT data may be reformatted to create volumetric or multiplanar images of the spine to facilitate management decisions about spinal stabilization in symptomatic patients.
在胸部常规计算机断层扫描(CT)过程中,常可遇到下颈椎、胸椎或上腰椎的病变过程。虽然磁共振(MR)是评估已知脊柱疾病的首选成像方式,但脊柱评估是解释胸部 CT 研究的一个组成部分。脊柱疾病通常具有特征性的 CT 表现,可使放射科医生做出诊断或提供结构化的鉴别诊断。可在胸部 CT 上识别的脊柱病变可分为良性或偶发性发现、先天性异常、创伤性损伤、感染性脊椎炎、原发性或继发性肿瘤累及以及与全身性疾病的关联。CT 还提供有关骨矿化和病变钙化的信息,补充了 MR 的卓越软组织成像能力。此外,胸部 CT 数据可进行重新格式化,以创建脊柱的容积或多平面图像,以方便对有症状患者的脊柱稳定做出管理决策。