Expert Rev Vaccines. 2011 Sep;10(9):1245-8. doi: 10.1586/erv.11.104.
Sexually transmitted diseases represent a significant cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. The genital mucosa is the first line of defense against sexually transmitted pathogens and, like other mucosal tissues, it is colonized by resident immune cells that initiate an immune responses that can prevent the establishment and dissemination of infection. While it is clear that systemic vaccination is sufficient to provide protection against certain pathogens that infect the genital tract, such as human papillomavirus (HPV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV), it has not worked for other. Induction of local mucosal immune responses in the genital tract might increase the efficacy of vaccines targeting HSV, HIV and other sexually transmitted infections. Here, we describe recent promising efforts to induce adaptive immune responses in the genital tract using vaccines based on virus-like particles (VLPs) and pseudoviruses (PsVs).
性传播疾病是全球范围内导致死亡和发病的重要原因。生殖黏膜是抵御性传播病原体的第一道防线，与其他黏膜组织一样，它被常驻免疫细胞定植，这些免疫细胞会引发免疫反应，从而防止感染的建立和传播。虽然很明显，全身疫苗接种足以提供针对某些感染生殖道的病原体的保护，例如人乳头瘤病毒（HPV）和乙型肝炎病毒（HBV），但对于其他病原体则不然。在生殖道中诱导局部黏膜免疫反应可能会提高针对单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）、HIV 和其他性传播感染的疫苗的疗效。在这里，我们描述了最近使用基于病毒样颗粒（VLPs）和假病毒（PsVs）的疫苗在生殖道中诱导适应性免疫反应的有希望的努力。
