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Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2011;2011:537528. doi: 10.4061/2011/537528. Epub 2011 Sep 14.
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Copper excess, zinc deficiency, and cognition loss in Alzheimer's disease.铜过量、锌缺乏与阿尔茨海默病认知功能减退。
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Sex-dependent effect of sublethal copper concentrations on de novo cholesterol synthesis in astrocytes and their possible links to variations in cholesterol and amyloid precursor protein levels in neuronal membranes.亚致死浓度铜对星形胶质细胞从头胆固醇合成的性别依赖性影响及其与神经元膜中胆固醇和淀粉样前体蛋白水平变化的可能联系。
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Alzheimer's disease causation by copper toxicity and treatment with zinc.铜毒性导致的阿尔茨海默病及其锌治疗。
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Effects of Copper and/or Cholesterol Overload on Mitochondrial Function in a Rat Model of Incipient Neurodegeneration.铜和/或胆固醇超载对早期神经退行性变大鼠模型线粒体功能的影响。
Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2013;2013:645379. doi: 10.1155/2013/645379. Epub 2013 Nov 6.
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Role of copper and cholesterol association in the neurodegenerative process.铜与胆固醇的关联在神经退行性变过程中的作用。
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Zinc deficiency and zinc therapy efficacy with reduction of serum free copper in Alzheimer's disease.锌缺乏与锌治疗对阿尔茨海默病血清游离铜降低的疗效
Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2013;2013:586365. doi: 10.1155/2013/586365. Epub 2013 Oct 10.

本文引用的文献

1
Metal ionophore treatment restores dendritic spine density and synaptic protein levels in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease.金属载体处理可恢复阿尔茨海默病小鼠模型中的树突棘密度和突触蛋白水平。
PLoS One. 2011 Mar 11;6(3):e17669. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0017669.
2
Subclinical zinc deficiency in Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease.阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病的亚临床锌缺乏。
Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2010 Nov;25(7):572-5. doi: 10.1177/1533317510382283. Epub 2010 Sep 14.
3
Toxicity of copper in drinking water.饮用水中铜的毒性。
J Toxicol Environ Health B Crit Rev. 2010 Aug;13(6):449-52; author reply 453-9. doi: 10.1080/10937404.2010.499732.
4
Copper and ceruloplasmin abnormalities in Alzheimer's disease.阿尔茨海默病患者的铜和铜蓝蛋白异常。
Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen. 2010 Sep;25(6):490-7. doi: 10.1177/1533317510375083. Epub 2010 Jul 14.
5
Is cognitive function linked to serum free copper levels? A cohort study in a normal population.认知功能与血清游离铜水平有关吗?一项正常人群的队列研究。
Clin Neurophysiol. 2010 Apr;121(4):502-7. doi: 10.1016/j.clinph.2009.11.090. Epub 2010 Jan 25.
6
Clinical utility of copper, ceruloplasmin, and metallothionein plasma determinations in human neurodegenerative patients and their first-degree relatives.铜、铜蓝蛋白和金属硫蛋白在人类神经退行性疾病患者及其一级亲属中的临床应用。
Brain Res. 2010 Mar 10;1319:118-30. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2009.11.085. Epub 2009 Dec 22.
7
Myelopolyneuropathy and pancytopenia due to copper deficiency and high zinc levels of unknown origin II. The denture cream is a primary source of excessive zinc.原因不明的铜缺乏症和高锌所致骨髓多神经病和全血细胞减少症 II. 义齿膏是过量锌的主要来源。
Neurotoxicology. 2009 Nov;30(6):996-9. doi: 10.1016/j.neuro.2009.08.008. Epub 2009 Sep 2.
8
Treatment of Wilson's disease with tetrathiomolybdate: V. Control of free copper by tetrathiomolybdate and a comparison with trientine.用四硫代钼酸盐治疗威尔逊氏病:V. 四硫代钼酸盐对游离铜的控制及其与曲恩汀的比较
Transl Res. 2009 Aug;154(2):70-7. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2009.05.002. Epub 2009 Jun 6.
9
Copper in Alzheimer's disease: too much or too little?阿尔茨海默病中的铜:过多还是过少?
Expert Rev Neurother. 2009 May;9(5):631-7. doi: 10.1586/ern.09.27.
10
Increasing Cu bioavailability inhibits Abeta oligomers and tau phosphorylation.铜生物利用度的增加可抑制β淀粉样蛋白寡聚体和tau蛋白磷酸化。
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Jan 13;106(2):381-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0809057106. Epub 2009 Jan 2.

阿尔茨海默病病因中涉及铜假说的相关问题。

Issues raised involving the copper hypotheses in the causation of Alzheimer's disease.

作者信息

Brewer George J

机构信息

Department of Human Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

出版信息

Int J Alzheimers Dis. 2011;2011:537528. doi: 10.4061/2011/537528. Epub 2011 Sep 14.

DOI:10.4061/2011/537528
PMID:21922048
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3172975/
Abstract

I present evidence that the epidemic of Alzheimer's disease is a new phenomenon exploding in the latter part of the 20th century in developed countries. I postulate that a major causative factor in the epidemic is the coincident use of copper plumbing, and the ingestion of inorganic copper leaching from the copper plumbing. I present evidence to support this hypothesis and discuss various objections and criticisms that have been raised about the hypothesis, and my responses to these criticisms. I conclude that the hypothesis is well supported by the evidence and deserves serious consideration, because if it is valid, it indentifies a partially preventable cause of Alzheimer's disease.

摘要

我提供证据表明,阿尔茨海默病的流行是20世纪后期在发达国家出现的一种新现象。我推测,这种流行的一个主要致病因素是同时使用铜管管道,以及摄入从铜管管道中浸出的无机铜。我提供证据来支持这一假设,并讨论针对该假设提出的各种反对意见和批评,以及我对这些批评的回应。我得出结论,该假设得到了证据的充分支持,值得认真考虑,因为如果它是有效的,就确定了阿尔茨海默病的一个部分可预防的病因。