Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844-2343, USA.
Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2011 Oct 4;50(41):9554-62. doi: 10.1002/anie.201101954. Epub 2011 Sep 16.
In propellant systems, fuels of choice continue to be hydrazine and its derivatives, even though they comprise a class of acutely carcinogenic and toxic substances which exhibit rather high vapor pressures and require expensive handling procedures and costly safety precautions. Only recently (2008), ionic liquids (salts with melting points less than 100 °C) with the dicyanamide anion were shown to exhibit hypergolic properties (instantaneous ignition when contacted with oxidizers (100 % nitric acid, WFNA)). Such liquids tend to have low volatilities, and high thermal and chemical stabilities, and often exhibit long liquid ranges which could allow utilization of these substances as bipropellant fuels over a variety of conditions. A new family of dicyanoborates is presented, which can be synthesized in water, with substituted N-acyclic, N-cyclic, and azolium cations has met nearly all of the desired important criteria needed for well-performing fuels.
在推进剂系统中，选择的燃料仍然是肼及其衍生物，尽管它们属于一类具有明显致癌性和毒性的物质，具有相当高的蒸气压，需要昂贵的处理程序和昂贵的安全预防措施。直到最近（2008 年），具有双氰胺阴离子的离子液体（熔点低于 100°C 的盐）才显示出自燃特性（与氧化剂（100%硝酸、WFNA）接触时瞬间点火）。这些液体往往挥发性低，热稳定性和化学稳定性高，通常具有较长的液体范围，这使得这些物质可以作为双组元燃料在各种条件下使用。本文提出了一类新的双氰胺硼酸盐，它们可以在水中合成，具有取代的 N-杂环、N-环和唑鎓阳离子，几乎满足了性能良好的燃料所需的所有重要标准。
