Chait A, Brunzell J D
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle.
Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 1990 Jun;19(2):259-78.
Acquired hyperlipidemia (secondary dyslipoproteinemias) results from underlying disorders that lead to alterations in plasma lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Secondary dyslipoproteinemias may mimic primary forms of hyperlipidemia and can have similar consequences. They may result in increased predisposition to premature atherosclerosis or, when associated with marked hypertriglyceridemia, may lead to the development of pancreatitis and other features of the chylomicronemia syndrome. Diabetes mellitus and use of drugs such as diuretics, beta blockers, and estrogens are commonly encountered causes of secondary dyslipoproteinemia. Other conditions leading to acquired hyperlipidemia include hypothyroidism, renal failure, nephrotic syndrome, alcohol usage, and some rare endocrine and metabolic disorders. When secondary and familial forms of hypertriglyceridemia coexist, triglyceride removal mechanisms may be saturated and marked hypertriglyceridemia with fasting chylomicronemia might ensue. Treatment of the underlying condition, when possible, or discontinuation of the offending drugs usually leads to an improvement in the hyperlipidemia. Specific lipid-lowering therapy may be required in certain circumstances.
获得性高脂血症（继发性血脂异常）由导致血浆脂质和脂蛋白代谢改变的潜在疾病引起。继发性血脂异常可能类似于原发性高脂血症的形式，并且可能产生相似的后果。它们可能导致动脉粥样硬化提前发生的易感性增加，或者当与显著的高甘油三酯血症相关时，可能导致胰腺炎和乳糜微粒血症综合征的其他特征的发展。糖尿病以及使用利尿剂、β受体阻滞剂和雌激素等药物是继发性血脂异常常见的病因。导致获得性高脂血症的其他情况包括甲状腺功能减退、肾衰竭、肾病综合征、饮酒以及一些罕见的内分泌和代谢紊乱。当继发性和家族性高甘油三酯血症共存时，甘油三酯清除机制可能会饱和，进而可能出现伴有空腹乳糜微粒血症的显著高甘油三酯血症。尽可能治疗潜在疾病或停用致病药物通常会使高脂血症得到改善。在某些情况下可能需要特定的降脂治疗。
