Institute for Health Research and Policy, University of Illinois at Chicago, 1747 W. Roosevelt Rd., Chicago, IL 60608, USA.
Prev Sci. 2012 Feb;13(1):1-14. doi: 10.1007/s11121-011-0245-2.
This study examined how parenting and family characteristics targeted in a selective prevention program mediated effects on key youth proximal outcomes related to violence perpetration. The selective intervention was evaluated within the context of a multi-site trial involving random assignment of 37 schools to four conditions: a universal intervention composed of a student social-cognitive curriculum and teacher training, a selective family-focused intervention with a subset of high-risk students, a condition combining these two interventions, and a no-intervention control condition. Two cohorts of sixth-grade students (total N = 1,062) exhibiting high levels of aggression and social influence were the sample for this study. Analyses of pre-post change compared to controls using intent-to-treat analyses found no significant effects. However, estimates incorporating participation of those assigned to the intervention and predicted participation among those not assigned revealed significant positive effects on student aggression, use of aggressive strategies for conflict management, and parental estimation of student's valuing of achievement. Findings also indicated intervention effects on two targeted family processes: discipline practices and family cohesion. Mediation analyses found evidence that change in these processes mediated effects on some outcomes, notably aggressive behavior and valuing of school achievement. Results support the notion that changing parenting practices and the quality of family relationships can prevent the escalation in aggression and maintain positive school engagement for high-risk youth.
本研究考察了在选择性预防计划中针对的育儿和家庭特征如何调节与暴力行为有关的关键青年近端结果的影响。选择性干预是在一项涉及随机分配 37 所学校到四个条件的多地点试验的背景下进行评估的：一个由学生社会认知课程和教师培训组成的普遍干预，一个针对高风险学生子集的选择性家庭为重点的干预，一个结合这两个干预的条件，以及一个无干预的对照组。本研究的样本是表现出高水平攻击性和社会影响力的六年级学生的两个队列（总 N=1062）。使用意向治疗分析比较与对照组的前后变化的分析发现没有显著影响。然而，纳入那些被分配到干预组的参与者的估计数和预测那些未被分配的参与者的参与率的估计数显示，对学生攻击性、使用攻击性策略进行冲突管理以及父母对学生对成就的重视的估计数有显著的积极影响。研究结果还表明干预对两个目标家庭过程有影响：纪律实践和家庭凝聚力。中介分析发现这些过程的变化在某些结果（特别是攻击性行为和对学校成就的重视）中具有中介效应的证据。研究结果支持这样一种观点，即改变养育方式和家庭关系的质量可以防止攻击性的升级，并维持高风险青年的积极的学校参与。
