Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Infect Dis. 2011 Nov;204(9):1413-22. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jir526. Epub 2011 Sep 20.
In 2006, a mumps outbreak occurred on a university campus despite ≥ 95% coverage of students with 2 doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine. Using plasma samples from a blood drive held on campus before identification of mumps cases, we compared vaccine-induced preoutbreak mumps antibody levels between individuals who developed mumps (case patients) and those who did not develop mumps (nonpatients).
Preoutbreak samples were available from 11 case patients, 22 nonpatients who reported mumps exposure but no mumps symptoms, and 103 nonpatients who reported no known exposure and no symptoms. Antibody titers were measured by plaque reduction neutralization assay using Jeryl Lynn vaccine virus and the outbreak virus Iowa-G/USA-06 and by enzyme immunoassay (EIA).
Preoutbreak Jeryl Lynn virus neutralization titers were significantly lower among case patients than unexposed nonpatients (P = .023), and EIA results were significantly lower among case patients than exposed nonpatients (P = .007) and unexposed nonpatients (P = .009). Proportionately more case patients than exposed nonpatients had a preoutbreak anti-Jeryl Lynn titer < 31 (64% vs 27%, respectively; P = .065), an anti-Iowa-G/USA-06 titer < 8 (55% vs 14%; P = .033), and EIA index standard ratio < 1.40 (64% vs 9%; P = .002) and < 1.71 (73% vs 14%, P = .001).
Case patients generally had lower preoutbreak mumps antibody levels than nonpatients. However, titers overlapped and no cutoff points separated all mumps case patients from all nonpatients.
2006 年，一所大学校园内发生了腮腺炎暴发疫情，尽管学生接种了两剂麻疹-腮腺炎-风疹（MMR）疫苗，覆盖率达到了 95%以上。我们利用在发现腮腺炎病例之前在校园内举行的献血活动中的血浆样本，比较了在暴发前已感染了腮腺炎的个体（病例患者）和未感染腮腺炎的个体（非病例患者）之间疫苗诱导的腮腺炎抗体水平。
从 11 例病例患者、22 例报告有腮腺炎接触史但无腮腺炎症状的非病例患者和 103 例报告无已知接触史且无症状的非病例患者中获得了暴发前的样本。使用 Jeryl Lynn 疫苗病毒和暴发病毒 Iowa-G/USA-06 通过蚀斑减少中和试验和酶联免疫吸附试验（EIA）来测量抗体滴度。
病例患者的暴发前 Jeryl Lynn 病毒中和滴度明显低于未暴露的非病例患者（P=0.023），病例患者的 EIA 结果明显低于暴露的非病例患者（P=0.007）和未暴露的非病例患者（P=0.009）。与暴露的非病例患者相比，更多的病例患者在暴发前的 Jeryl Lynn 抗体滴度<31（分别为 64%和 27%；P=0.065）、Iowa-G/USA-06 抗体滴度<8（分别为 55%和 14%；P=0.033）和 EIA 指数标准比值<1.40（分别为 64%和 9%；P=0.002）和<1.71（分别为 73%和 14%，P=0.001）。
病例患者通常在暴发前的腮腺炎抗体水平低于非病例患者。然而，滴度存在重叠，并且没有任何截断值可以将所有腮腺炎病例患者与所有非病例患者区分开来。
