Velásquez-Jones L
Departamento de Medicinas, Hospital Infantil de México Federico Gómez, D.F.
Bol Med Hosp Infant Mex. 1990 Mar;47(3):186-96.
Metabolic acidosis results from a disequilibrium between production and excretion of acid. Loss of base from the body through the gastrointestinal tract or in the urine or an increase in metabolic acid production are the three major mechanisms from which metabolic acidosis is generated. Uncomplicated metabolic acidosis is manifested by an increase in blood acidity, hypobicarbonatemia, and hypocapnea. The magnitude of these changes defines the severity wf the acidosis. It is convenient to divide metabolic acidosis into two general categories (hyperchloremic and normochloremic), based on the observed anion gap, as this serves to narrow the differential diagnosis. The normal anion gap is that amount of plasma anion not measure by routine laboratory screening that accounts for the difference between the measured sodium cation (Na+) and anions (Cl +/- HCO3-). Metabolic acidosis; causes; diagnosis; clinical manifestations.
代谢性酸中毒是由酸的生成与排泄失衡所致。机体通过胃肠道或尿液丢失碱，或代谢性酸生成增加，是导致代谢性酸中毒的三大主要机制。单纯性代谢性酸中毒表现为血液酸度增加、低碳酸氢盐血症和低碳酸血症。这些变化的程度决定了酸中毒的严重程度。根据观察到的阴离子间隙，将代谢性酸中毒分为两大类（高氯性和正常氯性）很方便，因为这有助于缩小鉴别诊断范围。正常阴离子间隙是指常规实验室筛查未检测到的血浆阴离子量，它解释了测得的阳离子钠（Na +）与阴离子（Cl + / - HCO3-）之间的差异。代谢性酸中毒；病因；诊断；临床表现。
