Ponce-González Jesú Gustavo, Guadalupe-Grau Amelia, Rodríguez-González Francisco Germán, Dorado Cecilia, Olmedillas Hugo, Fuentes Teresa, Rodríguez-García Lorena, Díaz-Chico Bonifacio Nicolás, Calbet José A L
Department of Physical Education, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Campus Universitario de Tafira s/n, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
J Androl. 2012 Jul-Aug;33(4):644-50. doi: 10.2164/jandrol.111.014415. Epub 2011 Sep 22.
Androgen receptor (AR) CAG(n) (polyglutamine) and GGN(n) (polyglycine) repeat polymorphisms determine part of the androgenic effect and may influence adiposity. The association of fat mass, and its regional distribution, with the AR CAG(n) and GGN(n) polymorphisms was studied in 319 and 78 physically active nonsmoker men and women (mean ± SD: 28.3 ± 7.6 and 24.8 ± 6.2 years old, respectively). The length of CAG and GGN repeats was determined by polymerase chain reaction and fragment analysis, and confirmed by DNA sequencing of selected samples. Men were grouped as CAG short (CAG(S)) if harboring repeat lengths ≤ 21, the rest as CAG long (CAG(L)). The corresponding cutoff CAG number for women was 22. GGN was considered short (GGN(S)) if GGN ≤ 23, the rest as GGN long (GGN(L)). No association between AR polymorphisms and adiposity or the hormonal variables was observed in men. Neither was there a difference in the studied variables between men harboring CAG(L) + GGN(L),CAG(S) + GGN(S),CAG(S) + GGN(L), and CAG(L) + GGN(S) combinations. However, in women, GGN(n) was linearly related to the percentage of body fat (r = 0.30, P < .05), the percentage of fat in the trunk (r = 0.28, P < .05), serum leptin concentration (r = 0.40, P < .05), and serum osteocalcin concentration (r = 0.32, P < .05). In men, free testosterone was inversely associated with adiposity and serum leptin concentration, and positively with osteocalcin, even after accounting for differences in CAG(n), GGN(n), or both. In summary, this study shows that the AR repeat polymorphism has little influence on absolute and relative fat mass or its regional distribution in physically active men. In young women, GGN length is positively associated with adiposity, leptin, and osteocalcin.
雄激素受体（AR）CAG(n)（聚谷氨酰胺）和GGN(n)（聚甘氨酸）重复多态性决定了部分雄激素效应，并可能影响肥胖。在319名和78名身体活跃的非吸烟男性和女性（平均±标准差：分别为28.3±7.6岁和24.8±6.2岁）中研究了脂肪量及其区域分布与AR CAG(n)和GGN(n)多态性的关联。通过聚合酶链反应和片段分析确定CAG和GGN重复序列的长度，并通过对选定样本的DNA测序进行确认。如果男性的重复长度≤21，则归为CAG短型（CAG(S)），其余归为CAG长型（CAG(L)）。女性对应的CAG截断数为22。如果GGN≤23，则GGN被认为是短型（GGN(S)），其余为GGN长型（GGN(L)）。在男性中未观察到AR多态性与肥胖或激素变量之间的关联。携带CAG(L)+GGN(L)、CAG(S)+GGN(S)、CAG(S)+GGN(L)和CAG(L)+GGN(S)组合的男性在研究变量上也没有差异。然而，在女性中，GGN(n)与体脂百分比（r = 0.30，P < 0.05）、躯干脂肪百分比（r = 0.28，P < 0.05）、血清瘦素浓度（r = 0.40，P < 0.05）和血清骨钙素浓度（r = 0.32，P < 0.05）呈线性相关。在男性中，即使考虑了CAG(n)、GGN(n)或两者的差异，游离睾酮与肥胖和血清瘦素浓度呈负相关，与骨钙素呈正相关。总之，本研究表明，AR重复多态性对身体活跃男性的绝对和相对脂肪量或其区域分布影响很小。在年轻女性中，GGN长度与肥胖、瘦素和骨钙素呈正相关。
