Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Annu Rev Genet. 2011;45:357-77. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genet-110410-132517. Epub 2011 Sep 13.
Vertebrate development begins with precise molecular, cellular, and morphogenetic controls to establish the basic body plan of the embryo. In zebrafish, these tightly regulated processes begin during oogenesis and proceed through gastrulation to establish and pattern the axes of the embryo. During oogenesis a maternal factor is localized to the vegetal pole of the oocyte that is a determinant of dorsal tissues. Following fertilization this vegetally localized dorsal determinant is asymmetrically translocated in the egg and initiates formation of the dorsoventral axis. Dorsoventral axis formation and patterning is then mediated by maternal and zygotic factors acting through Wnt, BMP (bone morphogenetic protein), Nodal, and FGF (fibroblast growth factor) signaling pathways, each of which is required to establish and/or pattern the dorsoventral axis. This review addresses recent advances in our understanding of the molecular factors and mechanisms that establish and pattern the dorsoventral axis of the zebrafish embryo, including establishment of the animal-vegetal axis as it relates to formation of the dorsoventral axis.
脊椎动物的发育始于精确的分子、细胞和形态发生控制，以建立胚胎的基本体轴。在斑马鱼中，这些受严格调控的过程始于卵母细胞的卵黄极，通过原肠胚形成来建立和模式化胚胎的轴。在卵母细胞发生过程中，一种母体因子被定位于卵黄极，决定了背侧组织。受精后，这个位于植物极的背侧决定因子在卵子中被不对称地移位，并启动了背腹轴的形成。背腹轴的形成和模式化然后通过母体和合子因子通过 Wnt、BMP（骨形态发生蛋白）、Nodal 和 FGF（成纤维细胞生长因子）信号通路来介导，每个信号通路都需要建立和/或模式化背腹轴。这篇综述介绍了我们对建立和模式化斑马鱼胚胎背腹轴的分子因子和机制的最新理解，包括与背腹轴形成有关的动物-植物轴的建立。
