Curtis R
Comparative Ophthalmology Unit, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, England.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1990 May;20(3):755-73. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(90)50061-3.
Dislocation, or luxation, of the lens arises as a result of rupture of the zonular fibers, which suspend the lens from the ciliary body. In the dog, lens luxation is most frequently encountered as a primary, heritable condition in which there appears to be an inherent weakness of the zonule. The condition is limited mainly to the Terrier breeds but has also been described in the Tibetan Terrier and Border Collie. The disease is essentially bilateral but seldom becomes apparent clinically before 3 or after 7 years of age. In most primary luxations, the lens passes into the anterior chamber and such cases must be regarded as emergencies on account of the likely development of secondary glaucoma; posterior luxations are usually less troublesome. Other causes of lens luxation include cataract formation, glaucoma, and uveitis. Congenital dislocations and those attributable to trauma alone are rare. In the cat, lens luxations are usually secondary and arise in later life.
晶状体脱位或半脱位是由于悬韧带纤维断裂所致，悬韧带将晶状体与睫状体相连。在犬类中，晶状体脱位最常见的是原发性遗传性疾病，悬韧带似乎存在先天性薄弱。这种情况主要局限于梗犬品种，但在西藏梗犬和边境牧羊犬中也有描述。该病本质上是双侧性的，但临床上很少在3岁前或7岁后出现明显症状。在大多数原发性脱位中，晶状体进入前房，由于可能发展为继发性青光眼，此类病例必须视为紧急情况；后脱位通常问题较小。晶状体脱位的其他原因包括白内障形成、青光眼和葡萄膜炎。先天性脱位和仅由外伤引起的脱位很少见。在猫中，晶状体脱位通常是继发性的，发生在晚年。
