Canine Genetics, Animal Health Trust, Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket, Suffolk CB8 7UU, UK.
Mamm Genome. 2012 Feb;23(1-2):109-23. doi: 10.1007/s00335-011-9365-z. Epub 2011 Nov 10.
There are currently about 80 different DNA tests available for mutations that are associated with inherited disease in the domestic dog, and as the tools available with which to dissect the canine genome become increasingly sophisticated, this number can be expected to rise dramatically over the next few years. With unrelenting media pressure focused firmly on the health of the purebred domestic dog, veterinarians and dog breeders are turning increasingly to DNA tests to ensure the health of their dogs. It is ultimately the responsibility of the scientists who identify disease-associated genetic variants to make sensible choices about which discoveries are appropriate to develop into commercially available DNA tests for the lay dog breeder, who needs to balance the need to improve the genetic health of their breed with the need to maintain genetic diversity. This review discusses some of the factors that should be considered along the route from mutation discovery to DNA test and some representative examples of DNA tests currently available.
目前，大约有 80 种不同的 DNA 测试可用于检测与犬类遗传性疾病相关的突变，随着用于分析犬基因组的工具变得越来越复杂，预计在未来几年内，这个数字将大幅增加。由于媒体毫不留情地将焦点牢牢地集中在纯种犬的健康上，兽医和犬类饲养者越来越倾向于使用 DNA 测试来确保他们的犬只健康。最终，确定与疾病相关的遗传变异的科学家需要做出明智的选择，决定哪些发现适合开发成可供非专业犬类饲养者使用的商业 DNA 测试，因为这些饲养者需要在提高犬种的遗传健康和保持遗传多样性之间取得平衡。这篇综述讨论了从突变发现到 DNA 测试的过程中需要考虑的一些因素，以及目前可用的一些代表性 DNA 测试的例子。
