Millichamp N J
Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, Texas A&M University College of Veterinary Medicine, College Station.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 1990 May;20(3):799-835. doi: 10.1016/s0195-5616(90)50063-7.
Retinal degenerations in the dog and cat are an important cause of blindness in these species. Particularly in the dog, many retinal degenerations, collectively called progressive retinal atrophy, seen in clinical practice are inherited. The clinical signs, electrophysiological findings, pathology, and underlying biochemical defects in the retina vary from breed to breed. Specific categories of inherited retinal degeneration are now recognized, and classified into early onset photoreceptor dysplasias, late-onset retinal degenerations, or retinal degenerations secondary to primary RPE dystrophy. As new inherited retinal degenerations are reported in different breeds they can generally be assigned to one these categories. Other causes of retinal degeneration include nutritional deficiencies, glaucoma, inflammation, ischemia, and toxins. Idiopathic retinal degeneration occurs in the dog with some frequency.
犬猫视网膜变性是这些物种失明的重要原因。特别是在犬类中，临床实践中所见的许多视网膜变性，统称为进行性视网膜萎缩，是遗传性的。视网膜的临床症状、电生理检查结果、病理学以及潜在的生化缺陷因品种而异。目前已识别出遗传性视网膜变性的特定类别，并分为早发性光感受器发育异常、晚发性视网膜变性或原发性视网膜色素上皮营养不良继发的视网膜变性。随着不同品种中报告了新的遗传性视网膜变性，它们通常可归为这些类别之一。视网膜变性的其他原因包括营养缺乏、青光眼、炎症、缺血和毒素。特发性视网膜变性在犬类中时有发生。
