Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK.
Trends Parasitol. 2011 Dec;27(12):523-9. doi: 10.1016/j.pt.2011.08.003. Epub 2011 Sep 22.
The 'hygiene hypothesis', or lack of microbial and parasite exposure during early life, is postulated as an explanation for the recent increase in autoimmune and allergic diseases in developed countries. The favored mechanism is that microbial and parasite-derived products interact directly with pathogen recognition receptors to subvert proinflammatory signaling via T regulatory cells, thereby inducing anti-inflammatory effects and control of autoimmune disease. Parasites, such as helminths, are considered to have a major role in the induction of immune regulatory mechanisms among children living in developing countries. Invoking Occam's razor, we believe we can select an alternative mechanism to explain the hygiene hypothesis, based on antibody-mediated inhibition of immune responses that may more simply explain the available evidence.
“卫生假说”，即生命早期缺乏微生物和寄生虫暴露，被认为是解释发达国家自身免疫性和过敏性疾病最近增加的原因。首选的机制是微生物和寄生虫衍生产物直接与病原体识别受体相互作用，通过 T 调节细胞颠覆促炎信号，从而诱导抗炎作用和自身免疫性疾病的控制。寄生虫，如蠕虫，被认为在发展中国家儿童中诱导免疫调节机制方面发挥了主要作用。根据奥卡姆剃刀原理，我们认为可以选择一种替代机制来解释卫生假说，该机制基于抗体介导的免疫反应抑制，这可能更简单地解释现有证据。
