Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.
Insect Mol Biol. 2012 Feb;21(1):31-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2583.2011.01108.x. Epub 2011 Sep 28.
Frost (Fst) is a gene associated with cold exposure in Drosophila melanogaster. We used real-time PCR to assess whether cold exposure induces expression of Fst in 10 different life stages of D. melanogaster, and adults of seven other Drosophila species. We exposed groups of individuals to 0 °C (2 h), followed by 1 h recovery (22 °C). Frost was significantly upregulated in response to cold in eggs, third instar larvae, and 2- and 5-day-old male and female adults in D. melanogaster. Life stages in which cold did not upregulate Fst had high constitutive expression. Frost is located on the opposite strand of an intron of Diuretic hormone (DH), but cold exposure did not upregulate DH. Frost orthologues were identified in six other species within the Melanogaster group (Drosophila sechellia, Drosophila simulans, Drosophila yakuba, Drosophila erecta, Drosophila ananassae and Drosophila mauritiana). Frost orthologues were upregulated in response to cold exposure in both sexes in adults of all of these species. The predicted structure of a putative Frost consensus protein shows highly conserved tandem repeats of motifs involved in cell signalling (PEST and TRAF2), suggesting that Fst might encode an adaptor protein involved in acute stress or apoptosis signalling in vivo.
弗罗斯特（Fst）是一个与黑腹果蝇（Drosophila melanogaster）冷暴露相关的基因。我们使用实时 PCR 来评估冷暴露是否在黑腹果蝇的 10 个不同生命阶段和其他 7 种果蝇物种的成体中诱导 Fst 的表达。我们将个体分组暴露于 0°C（2 小时），然后恢复 1 小时（22°C）。在黑腹果蝇中，Fst 在卵、三龄幼虫和 2 天和 5 天龄的雄性和雌性成虫中对冷有显著的上调反应。冷没有上调 Fst 的生命阶段具有高组成型表达。Frost 位于利尿激素（DH）内含子的相反链上，但冷暴露没有上调 DH。在黑腹果蝇组内的其他 6 个物种中鉴定出了 Frost 同源物（Drosophila sechellia、Drosophila simulans、Drosophila yakuba、Drosophila erecta、Drosophila ananassae 和 Drosophila mauritiana）。在所有这些物种的成虫中，Frost 同源物对冷暴露都有上调反应。推测的 Frost 保守蛋白结构显示参与细胞信号（PEST 和 TRAF2）的基序高度保守串联重复，这表明 Fst 可能编码一种在体内参与急性应激或细胞凋亡信号的衔接蛋白。
