Laboratoire de Génétique et Évolution des Populations Végétales, FRE CNRS 3268, Bâtiment SN2, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille - Lille 1, Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
J Evol Biol. 2011 Nov;24(11):2456-72. doi: 10.1111/j.1420-9101.2011.02380.x. Epub 2011 Sep 28.
In gynodioecious species, in which hermaphroditic and female plants co-occur, the maintenance of sexual polymorphism relies on the genetic determination of sex and on the relative fitness of the different phenotypes. Flower production, components of male fitness (pollen quantity and pollen quality) and female fitness (fruit and seed set) were measured in gynodioecious Beta vulgaris spp. maritima, in which sex is determined by interactions between cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) genes and nuclear restorers of male fertility. The results suggested that (i) female had a marginal advantage over hermaphrodites in terms of flower production only, (ii) restored CMS hermaphrodites (carrying both CMS genes and nuclear restorers) suffered a slight decrease in fruit production compared to non-CMS hermaphrodites and (iii) restored CMS hermaphrodites were poor pollen producers compared to non-CMS hermaphrodites, probably as a consequence of complex determination of restoration. These observations potentially have important consequences for the conditions of maintenance of sexual polymorphism in B. vulgaris and are discussed in the light of existing theory on evolutionary dynamics of gynodioecy.
在雌雄同体的物种中，两性和雌性植物同时存在，性多态性的维持依赖于性别的遗传决定和不同表型的相对适应性。在细胞质雄性不育（CMS）基因和核雄性育性恢复因子相互作用决定性别的雌雄同体贝母属植物中，测量了雌雄同体贝母属植物的花产量、雄性适应度成分（花粉数量和花粉质量）和雌性适应度（果实和种子产量）。结果表明：（i）仅在花产量方面，雌性相对于两性具有微小优势；（ii）与非 CMS 两性相比，携带 CMS 基因和核恢复因子的恢复 CMS 两性在果实产量上略有下降；（iii）与非 CMS 两性相比，恢复 CMS 两性花粉产量较低，可能是由于恢复的复杂决定。这些观察结果可能对维持贝母属植物性多态性的条件具有重要意义，并根据关于雌雄同体进化动态的现有理论进行了讨论。
