Department of Radiology, Gülhane Military Medical School, Ankara, Turkey.
Diagn Interv Radiol. 2012 Mar-Apr;18(2):215-20. doi: 10.4261/1305-3825.DIR.4788-11.1. Epub 2011 Sep 29.
To determine the normal anatomic features and variations of the internal mammary arteries (IMAs) and to describe the relationship between the diameter and distance to the sternal edge of the IMAs, gender, and location (right-left) of the IMAs in patients who underwent multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography of the thorax for various reasons.
A total of 164 patients who underwent MDCT angiography of the thoracic vascular structures for various reasons were analyzed retrospectively. The right and left IMAs were analyzed individually, and normal anatomic features and variations were recorded. The relationships between gender, side and diameter of the IMAs, and distance to the sternal edge of the IMAs were evaluated.
There were 328 (164 right, 164 left) IMAs in 164 patients (110 males, 54 females; mean age, 43.96 years). A total number of five arteries (1.5%) had anatomic variation. Whereas 325 IMAs had an origin separate from the subclavian artery, three LIMA of the 328 arteries (0.91%) had a common origin with the thyrocervical trunk or costocervical trunk. Two (0.6%) IMAs (one LIMA and one RIMA) in the same patient were duplicated at the level of the first and second costal cartilage. There were no statistically significant correlations between age and diameter or between gender and diameter of the RIMA and LIMA at the origin and level of tracheal bifurcation (P > 0.05). Mean distance between the lateral margin of the sternum and midpoint of LIMA and RIMA were 12.42 mm and 13.00 mm, respectively.
The normal anatomic features and variations of the IMAs have an important role in cardiovascular bypass surgery, breast reconstruction, and percutaneous transthoracic procedures. MDCT angiography allows a precise and detailed evaluation of IMAs.
确定胸廓多排螺旋 CT 血管造影患者的内乳动脉（IMA）的正常解剖学特征和变异，并描述IMA 的直径、距胸骨缘的距离与性别和IMA 位置（左右侧）之间的关系。
回顾性分析了 164 例因各种原因行胸部多排螺旋 CT 血管造影的患者，分别分析了右侧和左侧的 IMA，记录了正常的解剖学特征和变异。评估了 IMA 的性别、侧别和直径与距胸骨缘的距离之间的关系。
164 例患者（110 例男性，54 例女性；平均年龄 43.96 岁）中共有 328 支（164 支右侧，164 支左侧）IMA。有 5 支动脉（1.5%）存在解剖变异。325 支 IMA 起源于锁骨下动脉，328 支动脉中有 3 支（0.91%）LIMA 与颈肋干或肋颈干共干。同一患者中有 2 支（0.6%）IMA（1 支 LIMA 和 1 支 RIMA）在第一和第二肋软骨水平处重复。IMA 起源和气管分叉水平的直径与年龄或性别之间均无显著相关性（P > 0.05）。LIMA 和 RIMA 中点至胸骨外侧缘的平均距离分别为 12.42mm 和 13.00mm。
IMA 的正常解剖学特征和变异对心血管旁路手术、乳房重建和经皮经胸操作具有重要作用。MDCT 血管造影可对 IMA 进行精确、详细的评估。
